20-21 MOY Review

20-21 MOY Review

TEKS 8.7A-C, 8.8A-C, 8.9C, 8.10A-B

8.7A Rotation vs Revolution

• Rotation = day and night (24 hours)

• Revolution = seasons (365 days)

Rotation

(spin on an axis)

• Causes day and night

• Takes about 24 hours

Revolution

(to go around)

• Causes the seasons (winter, spring, summer and autumn)

• Takes about 365 days or 1 year

Multiple Choice

If the Earth suddenly began to rotate more slowly, what would be an effect?

• The days and nights would get shorter.

• The days and nights would get longer.

• The seasons would get shorter.

• The seasons would get longer?

TILT is also a reason for the seasons!

• During different times of the year, the North and South poles are tilted AWAY or TOWARD the sun

• DIRECT sunlight = warmer

• INDIRECT sunlight = cooler

The Seasons and the Earth's Tilt

• Summer = tilted towards the sun; long, hot days

• Winter = tilted away from the sun; short, cold days

• Spring & Autumn = no tilt; equal hours of day and night

Multiple Choice

If the Northern Hemisphere (where Austin, TX, is located) were tilted TOWARD the sun, what season would it be?

• Long hot days, like in summer.

• Short cold days, like in winter.

• Mild days, like in spring and autumn.

Multiple Select

During which season(s) would you see almost equal numbers of daylight and nighttime hours?

• Winter

• Spring

• Summer

• Autumn

8.7B Lunar Cycle

• Lunar = moon

• The moon revolves around Earth every 28 days (about 1 month)

Phases of the Moon

• Full = 100% light

• Gibbous = 75% light

• Quarter = 50% light

• Crescent = 25% light

• New = 0% light

Waxing vs Waning

• Waxing = light on the right (growing)

• Waning = light on the left (shrinking)

Lunar Cycle Diagram

• New moon is NEAREST the sun

• Full moon is FARTHEST from the sun

Multiple Choice

What type of moon is being modeled in the picture if the lamp is the sun and the girl is the Earth?

• Full

• 1st Quarter

• Waxing Crescent

• New

Lunar Calendar

• The lunar cycle is divided into four weeks (28 days)

• It takes 1 week to go from a new moon to a first quarter moon

• It takes 2 weeks to go from a new moon to a full moon

• And so on...

Multiple Choice

There is a new moon on January 13. When will the next full moon take place?

• 1 week later

• 2 weeks later

• 3 weeks later

• 4 weeks later

8.7C Lunar Tides

• The moon's gravitational pull affects the levels of the oceans

• Earth, moon and sun form a 90 degree angle during a neap tide

• Earth, moon and sun form a straight line during a spring tide

Neap Tides

• Occur during the 1st and 3rd quarter moons

• Have a mild effect on ocean tides

Spring Tides

• Occur during full and new moons

• Have the strongest effect on ocean tides

Multiple Select

Which phases of the moon cause very mild low and high tides?

• Full

• 1st quarter

• New

• 3rd quarter

8.8A H-R Diagrams

• Measure star luminosity (brightness), temperature (color), and magnitude (size)

Spectral Class

• Tells us about a star's luminosity (brightness)

• Tells us about a star's temperature (color)

• Tells us about a star's magnitude (size)

Star Temperature

• Red = cool

• Blue = hot

• 
  

Star Luminosity & Magnitude

• Bottom = dim & small

• Top = bright & large

Multiple Choice

A white dwarf star is very small and hot. Where would it be on the HR diagram?

• Top left

• Top right

• Bottom left

• Bottom right

Multiple Choice

Where are stars born?

• Nebulae

• Protostar

• Main-Sequence

• Red Giant

8.7B The Sun

• The sun is an average star

• Main-sequence

• Yellow

8.9C Electromagnetic Spectrum

• Light

• Blue = small wavelengths

• Red = big wavelengths

• Some wavelengths are invisible

8.9C Topographic Maps

• Shows the features of the land

• Steep slopes have contour lines that are close together

• Gentle slopes have contour lines that are far apart

Multiple Choice

How do you know when a slope is very steep?

• When the contour lines are very far apart.

• When the contour interval is very wide.

• When there is a V in the contour lines.

• When the contour lines are very close together.

Multiple Choice

Where do you find rivers on a topographic map?

• Where it is very steep

• Where there are Vs in the contour lines

• Where there are very gentle slopes

8.10A Convection

• A cycle of heat

• Warm, less dense substances rise up

• Then they cool, get more dense, and sink down

Multiple Choice

What would be a good model of convection?

• A blow dryer drying hair

• A microwave

• A boiling pot of water on a stove

• A fire

8.10B Weather

• High Pressure = sunny skies

• Low Pressure = cloudy skies

• Warm Fronts = warm air; light showers

• Cold Fronts = cold air; thunderstorms

Multiple Choice

What type of skies do you see in areas of high pressure?

• Thunderstorms

• Cloudy Skies

• Sunny Skies

• Gentle Showers

8.10C Hurricanes

• Love warm water and low pressure

Multiple Choice

Where would a hurricane most likely form?

• Near the warm waters of the equator

• Near the cold waters of the South Pole

• Near the cold waters of the North Pole