8.7A, 8.8B

8.7A, 8.8B

8.7A The Earth rotating on its tilted axis causes day and night, and revolving around the sun creates seasons

8.8B The Sun is a medium sized star located at the edge of the Milky Way galaxy, and thousands of times closer to Earth than any other star

Earth's Rotation

• Earth's rotation, or spinning, causes day and night to occur

• Earth completes one rotation every 24 hours

Multiple Choice

A student wants to use a spinning basketball to model the day and night cycle on Earth.

What should the student do in order to best model the cause of the day and night cycle?

• Spin the ball in different directions

• Tilt the ball while it is spinning

• Paint one half of the ball b lack and the other half white

• Shine a bright light on one side of the ball

Multiple Choice

As the Earth rotates, the part of the Earth facing away from the sun has ________.

• daylight

• darkness (night)

• summer

• nice weather

Multiple Choice

As the Earth rotates, the part of the Earth facing the sun has ________.

• an axis
• darkness (night)
• daylight
• winter

Multiple Choice

What causes day & night?

• Earth's rotation on the equator

• Earth's revolution around the Sun

• The Moon's rotation around the Sun

• Earth's rotation on its axis

Multiple Choice

Which part of Earth is experiencing night?

• A
• B
• C
• D

Multiple Choice

Which of these changes would likely occur if the rate of the Earth's rotation on its axis increased?

• The length of the seasons would be shorter.

• The length of the seasons would be longer.

• The length of the day would be shorter.

• The length of the day would be longer.

Revolution

• The action of one object moving around another

• Orbit - the path an object takes as it revolves around another object

• It takes the Earth 365 days (1 year) to revolve around the Sun one time

Earth's tilt

• Earth's axis is tilted 23.5 degrees

• the hemisphere tilted toward the sun gets more direct sunlight - warmer- than hemisphere tilted away

• Days are longest and shortest toward the poles

Multiple Choice

What causes more heat,  indirect sunlight or direct sunlight?

• indirect
• direct

Multiple Choice

The hemisphere where you live

• equator

• southern

• northern

• eastern

Revolution + Tilt= Seasons

• Seasons occur due to the Earth’s tilt on its axis and revolution around the Sun

• The northern and southern hemispheres experience opposite seasons

• The hemisphere tilted toward the sun gets more direct sunlight= summer

• hemisphere tilted away from sun is having winter

Multiple Choice

When the Northern Hemisphere of Earth is Leaning away from the Sun, What season is the Southern Hemisphere experiencing?

• Summer

• Winter

• Spring

• Fall

Multiple Choice

How long does it take the Earth to make one REVOLUTION around the Sun?

• 12 hours
• 24 hours
• 365.25 days
• 29.5 days

Multiple Choice

At position A, which hemisphere would have summer?

• Northern hemisphere

• Southern hemisphere

Multiple Choice

At position C, which hemisphere would have winter?

• Northern hemisphere
• Southern hemisphere

Multiple Choice

Earth would no longer have seasons if it...

• no longer tilted on its axis.

• stopped rotating on its axis.

• took an additional month to orbit the Sun.

• revolved around the Sun in the opposite direction.

Multiple Choice

A student draws the model shown in the picture. Which of these best compares the conditions at Location X and Location Y?

• It is day at Location X and night at Location Y.

• It is winter at Location X and summer at Location Y.

• There are more hours of daylight at Location X than at Location Y.

• The moon is brighter when viewed from Location X than when viewed from Location Y.

Multiple Choice

In the summer, many people enjoy going to the beach. The photograph shows a beach in Argentina, which is located in the Southern Hemisphere.

Which diagram shows the position of the Earth when it is summer in Argentina.

• A

• B

• C

• D

The Sun

• medium sized star at the center of our solar system

• Thousands of times closer to Earth than any other star

• 8.4 light minutes from Earth

• next closest star is Proxima Centauri- 4.2 light years away

The Sun

• Located at the edge of the Milky Way galaxy

• Milky way is about 100,000 light years in diameter and contains about 200 billion other stars

• The galaxy is held together by a super-massive black hole at the center

• 
  

Galaxies- systems of stars, gas and dust held together by gravity

• There are many other galaxies in the universe

• astronomers estimate at least 100 billion

• 
  

Galaxies

• classified by their shape•– spiral, elliptical, and irregular

• 
  

Multiple Choice

The Milky Way galaxy is an example of an irregular galaxy

• true
• false

Multiple Choice

How far is the sun from the earth?

• 4.3 light-minutes
• 680 light-years
• 8.4 light-minutes
• 9 light years

Multiple Choice

Distance measurement used by astronomers for distant objects.

• Kilometers
• Light Years
• Miles
• Light Seconds

Multiple Choice

What holds a galaxy together?

• pressure

• glue

• gravity

• planets

Multiple Choice

Galaxies are composed of (best answer)

• stars
• stars and gas
• stars, dust, and gas
• stars, dust, and gas held together by gravity

Multiple Choice

Place these objects in order from smallest to largest.

• Planets, solar system, universe, galaxy
• Solar system, planets, galaxy, universe
• Planets, solar system, galaxy, universe
• Galaxy, solar system, planets, universe

Multiple Choice

Which type of galaxy is shown in the image?

• Spiral

• Elliptical

• Irregular

Multiple Choice

We have discovered ___ of galaxies.

• hundreds

• millions

• billions

Multiple Choice

We can't see all of the stars in our galaxy because they

• are too far away
• are too hot
• are revolving too quickly

Multiple Choice

How many stars make up our galaxy?

• 200
• 200,000
• 200 million
• 200 billion