Naming molecules

Naming molecules

Simple binary, transition elements, and polyatomic ions

Simple Binary Compounds - Ionic

• The first step is deciding if the compound is ionic of covalent

• If it is ionic, then the metal should come first in the name and the formula

• In ionic compounds, subscripts don't affect the name (like Na₃N) but the do affect the name in covalent compounds (like CO₂)

• To name an ionic compound, the formula is: metallic name + nonmetallic name + "ide"

• For example, KCl is Potassium Chloride

Multiple Choice

What is the name of Ca₃P₂?

• Calcium Phosphorous

• Calcium Phosphine

• Calcium Phosphide

• Calcide Phosphorous

Multiple Choice

What is the correct formula for Na₂O

• Sodium Oxine

• Sodium Oxygen

• Sodium Oxyide

• Sodium Oxide

Multiple Choice

What is the name of CaCl₂?

• Calcium Chlorine

• Calcium Chloride

• Calcium

• Chloride

Multiple Choice

What is the name of K₂O?

• Potassium

• Potassium Oxine

• Potassium Oxygen

• Potassium Oxide

Transition Elements

• When naming ionic compounds with transition elements, they are named based on their charge (1+, 2+, 3+, etc.). Transition elements can take on multiple forms.

• To name these compounds, find the element on the periodic table. Then, write the name and charge of the non-metal.

• Make sure you take note of the subscript of the non-metal to get the total charge of the ion.

• For example, Cl has a charge of 1-. If we had Cl₃, then the total charge would be 3-

• The charge of the transition element would be a positive form of the charge of the non-metal. FeCl₃ would be iron (III) chloride

Multiple Choice

What is the name of CoCl₂?

• Cobalt Chloride

• Cobalt Chlorine

• Cobalt (II) Chloride

• Cobalt (II) Chlorine

Multiple Choice

What is the charge for the metal in CrF₆ (Chromium (_) Fluoride)?

• V (5)

• IV (6)

• IV (4)

• III (3)

Multiple Choice

What would the formula be for Iron (III) Sulfide

• Fe₃S

• Fe₃S₂

• FeS

• Fe₂S₃

Multiple Choice

What is the correct formula for Nickel (II) Bromide?

• NiBr

• Ni₂Br

• NiBr₂

• Ni₂Br₂

Multiple Choice

What is the name Ag₂O?

• Silver (I) Oxide

• Silver (II) Oxide

• Silver Oxide

• Silver (II) Oxine

Polyatomic Ions

• Polyatomic ions are made of more than two atoms.

• They have non-equal charges as a molecule, not as an individual atom. For example, NH₄⁺ has an overall charge of 1+

• The total charge of the compound will stay the same between prefixes. What determines the prefix is the number of oxygens present. For example, ClO₂^- vs. ClO₃^-

Polyatomic Ions

• Polyatomic ions use the prefixes "hypo, "ite" and "ate", and "per" depending on the oxidation states. Almost all polyatomic ions have at least one oxygen.

• "Hypo" is one less than "ite". When naming, it is hypo____ite (Hypochlorite)

• "Ite is one less that "ate"

• "Ate is one less that "per. When naming something one more than "Ate", it is Per____ate. (Perchlorate)

Multiple Choice

What is the name of BrO₃^- ? (BrO₂^- is Bromite)

• Bromate

• Hypobromite

• Bromite

• Perbromate

Multiple Choice

What is the name of PO₄^3- ? (PO₃^3- is phosphite)

• Phosphate

• Phosphite

• Hypophosphite

• Perphosphate

Multiple Choice

What is the name of SO₃^2- ? (SO₄^2- is Sulfate)

• Sulfate

• Sulfite

• Hyposulfite

• Persulfate

Multiple Choice

What is the formula for Perchlorate? (Hypochlorite is ClO^-)

• ClO₂^-

• ClO₃^-

• ClO₄^-

• ClO

Multiple Select

Select the formulas that end in "Ate"

• BrO₃^-

• ClO₂^-

• BrO₂^-

• ClO₃^-

Polyatomic Ions with Transition Metals

• When polyatomic ions are combined with transition metals, they follow the same rules as before

• The polyatomic ion is named using the prefixes, and the transition metal is named using Roman numerals based on its charge

• For Cu(NO₃)₂, the name is Copper (III) Nitrate

Multiple Choice

What is the name for Fe(NO₃)₃ ?

• Iron (III) Nitrate

• Iron Nitrate

• Iron (II) Nitrate

• Iron Nitrite

Multiple Choice

What is the name for Ti(NO₃)₄ ?

• Titanium (IV) Nitrate

• Titanium (III) Nitrate

• Titanium Nitrite

• Titanium (IV) Nitrite

Multiple Choice

What is the name for PbSO₄ ?

• Lead (II) Sulfite

• Lead Sulfite

• Lead (III) Sulfite

• Lead (II) Sulfate

Mixed Review

Topics covered today were naming ionic and covalent compounds, transition metals, polyatomic ions, and polyatomic ions with transition metals.

Multiple Choice

What is the name of KF?

• Potassium Fluoride

• Potassium (I) Fluoride

• Potassium Fluorate

• Potassium Fluorite

Multiple Choice

What is the name of CrCl₃ ?

• Chromium (II) Chloride

• Chromium chloride

• Chromium (III) Chloride

• Chromium (III) Chlorite

Multiple Choice

What is the name of SnS?

• Tin (I) Sulfide

• Tin Sulfide

• Tin (II) Sulfide

• Tin Sulfur

Multiple Choice

What is the formula for Mercury (I) Oxide?

• HgO

• McO

• Hg₃O

• Hg₂O

Multiple Choice

What is the name of HSO₃^- ?

• Hydrogen Sulfite

• Hydrogen Sulfate

• Hydrogen Monosulfide

• Hydrogen Sulfide

Multiple Choice

What is the formula for Na₃N?

• Sodium Nitride

• Sodium Mononitride

• Trisodium Mononitride

• Sodium Nitrite

Multiple Choice

What is the name for FeSO₄?

• Iron Sulfide

• Iron (II) Sulfate

• Iron (III) Sulfate

• Iron Sulfate

Multiple Choice

What is the name for H₂PO₃^- ? (PO₄^- is ate)

• Hydrogen Phosphite

• Dihydrogen phosphite

• Dihydrogen Phosphate

• Hydrogen phosphate