Mendelian Genetics Test Review

Mendelian Genetics Test Review

Gregor Mendel

Genetics is the study of inheritance

Mendelian Vocab

• Genome- the entire set of genes for an organsim

• Allele- two genes that code for the same position on a homologous chromosome

• locus/loci- a fixed location on a strand of DNA where a gene or allele is located

Multiple Choice

____ are inherited by each parent and code for a specific trait that are found at a fixed loci on homologous chromosomes

• alleles

• chromosomes

• centromeres

• jeans

Multiple Choice

What is a genome?

• The complete haploid amount of genetic material present in a cell or organism
• A garden ornament 
• The sum of all human material.
• A totally unique set of genetic material not shared with anything else

Multiple Choice

_______________ is the study of the inheritance of traits and their variations.

• Heredity

• Evolution

• Disruptive Selection

• Genetics

Multiple Choice

The passing of traits from one generation to the next is called ___________________.

• genetics

• heredity

• a monohybrid cross

• DNA synthesis

Alleles

• Homozygous- same alleles AA, aa

• Heterozygous- different alleles Aa

Multiple Choice

If a gene that codes for the ability to roll your tongue is represented by the allele RR what would the the assumption be

• homozygous recessive

• homozygous dominant

• heterozygous recessive

• heterozygous dominant

Multiple Choice

If an individual whose genotype for rolled tongue was Rr what would the assumption be

• homozygous

• heterozygous

Genotype

• a collection of genes

• inherited from parental generation

Phenotype

The observable expression of an allele

Multiple Choice

What is the term used when accounting sets of alleles inherited by offspring that are not always expressed

• genotype

• phenotype

• hidden

• recessive

Multiple Choice

What is the term when we refer to gene expression. That person has hazel eyes, red hair, or very tall

• phenotype

• genotype

• recessive

• dominant

Mendelian Dominant Genetics

A dominant allele will mask a recessive allele

Punnett Square

• a tool to determine potential genotypes and phenotypes in regards to knkown parental genotype combination

Multiple Choice

According to the Punnett square in basic mendelian genetics: B reprepsents the dominant gene for blue feathers and b represents the recessive gene for red feathers. Two heterozygous birds have one offspring. What percent chance does it have for red feathers?

• 0%

• 25%

• 75%

• 100%

Multiple Choice

If T=tall and t=short

The genotype of the offspring shown in the left column are ____________ and their phenotype would be ______________.

• heterzygous; short

• homozygous recessive; short

• heterzygous; tall

• homozygous recessive; tall

Multiple Choice

In humans, the trait for tongue rolling is dominant over the trait for the inability of a human to roll his/her tongue. If a heterozygous male is crossed with a homozygous recessive female, then what percent of the offspring would be expected to have the ability to roll their tongues?

• 100%

• 75%

• 50%

• 25%

Pedigree or Inheritance Tree

• A pedigree is a genetic representation of a family tree that diagrams the inheritance of a trait or disease though several generations

Multiple Choice

How many children do #5 & #6 have?

• 1 male child
• 2 male and 2 female children
• 2 male children
• 1 daughter and 1 son

Multiple Choice

Looking at this pedigree, how many female family members are carriers?

• 1
• 3
• 10
• 7

Non-Mendelian Genetics

Traits that do not segregate according to Mendelian Law

Codominance

Alleles for the gene are equally expressed and are both dominant

Multiple Choice

What type of inheritance is shown?

• complete
• incomplete
• codominance
• sex-linked

Multiple Choice

When 2 alleles do not blend but are both fully expressed (i.e. I^AI^B blood type), it is called _____________________.

• Complete Dominance

• Incomplete Dominance

• Sex-Linked

• Codominance

Incomplete Dominance

the recessive allele is not completely masked by the dominant allele

Multiple Choice

What do you call the non-Mendelian inheritance pattern that states that neither trait is dominant and the traits appear to blend together?

• Codominance
• Incomplete dominance
• Polygenic traits

Multiple Choice

The type of allele interaction when a red flower and a white flower have all pink flower offspring is called __________________.

• codominance

• complete dominance

• incomplete dominance

• sex-linked genes

Polygenic Inheritance

• More than one gene is involved in phenotype expression

• can be located on different chromosomes

Multiple Choice

Examples include skin color and height (the individual's phenotype exists somewhere along a spectrum)

• polygenic inheritance

• multiple alleles

• linked genes

• incomplete dominance

Multiple Choice

There are eight Genes that contain alleles for determining eye color variations, eye color is considered a

• polygenic trait

• multiple allele trait

• dominant trait

• recessive trait

Multiple allele

• traits determined by multiple alleles

Multiple Choice

blood type is a codominant trait that is expressed with either

i^A or i^B or i on homologous chromosomes. a genotype with i^Ai^B would be AB blood type this is an example of

• multiple alleles

• polygenic

• recessive

• dominant

Multiple Choice

Brown and blue eye alleles on the OCA2 gene are both located on the chromosome 19, these would be considered

• multiple allele

• polygenic

• dominant

• recessive

Sex Linked

• A gene that is on the sex linked chromosome (23rd in humans)

• Females XX

• Males XY

Multiple Choice

If a gene is found only on the X chromosome and not the Y chromosome, it is said to be 

• sex-linked trait
• polygenic trait
• codominant trait
• incomplete dominance trait

Multiple Choice

When we say that a woman is a carrier for a genetic disease or disorder it means that

• she has 1 gene, but not the disorder
• she has 2 genes for the disorder
• she can pass the gene only to male children
• she can pass the gene only to female children

Multiple Choice

In fruit flies, eye color is a sex linked trait. Red (R) is dominant to white (r). What is the sex and eye color of flies with the following genotype: X ^R Y ?

• male with white eyes

• female with white eyes

• male with red eyes

• female with red eyes