L11_medioambiente subjuntivo

L11_ El medioambiente subjuntivo

How to give advice about improving the environment using the subjunctive

Read these sentences. What do they mean ? Can you notice anything about the verbs.

• 1. "Es necesario reciclar las latas"

• 2. "Es necesario que reciclemos las latas"

"Es necesario reciclar las latas"

"Es necesario que reciclemos las latas"

• Both sentences are used to express a recommendation or advice, but notice that in the second one , the introductions of "que" triggers a change in the conjugation of the verb

"Es necesario reciclar las latas"

It is necessary to recycle cans

• Here, the translation is straightforward, as the verb translalte literally to the infinitive form "Recycle"

"Es necesario que reciclemos las latas"

It is necessary that we recycle cans

• Here, by using the connective "que" (that) we are introducing another sentence .

• The verb form which follows after "que" is called "The Subjunctive"

• Yes! Another verb form

• The use of the subjunctive is widely used in Spanish, but it is very tricky to see how to use it as in English, the equivalent sentences do not change form.

• But it really counts towards the range of Language criteria when it comes to the exams! :)

So ,what is the subjunctive?

• The subjunctive is a form of the verb that is used in many situations.

• It is not a Tense. It does not refer to present , past and future

• It refers to "Mood".

• There are many uses of the Subjunctive : to recommend , to give advice...

• Today , we will be learning how to use the subjunctive to give advice in structures such as "Es importante que" "Es necesario que" and a few others :)

Expressions of advice with the subjunctive :

• Es necesario que: It is necessary that

• Es esencial que: it is essential that

• Es recomendable que: It is recommendable that

• Es aconsejable que: It is advisable that

• Es preocupante que : It is worrying that

• After all of these , the verb that follows must be in the subjunctive form

Forms of the subjunctive

• "AR" will take an "e""

• "ER/IR" verbs will take an "a"

• So, if you noticed you have to swap the endings.

• In the normal present," AR "takes "e", and ER/IR verbs take an "a"

• In the SUBJUNCTIVE it is the opposite!

In order to form the present subjunctive

• Take the “I” form of the present tense. "Reciclo= I recycle

• "Remove the  ‘o’  and add:-

• AR : e.es,e,emos,éis,en

• ER/IR: a,as,a,amos,áis,an

• Ejemplo:

• Reciclar >Reciclo" > Recicl> Recicle

• Beber > Bebo > Beb >Beba

It is essential that we save water

• Es importante

• que

• Ahorremos

• agua

• Notice, "ahorrar"is an "AR" verb. Therefore we remove the "Ar", we add "e" and the "-"mos at the end , which means we.

• "Es importante que ahorremos agua"

Vamos a practicar

Think carefully about how you would change the verb to the subjunctive

Multiple Choice

• usar

• usamos

• usemos

Multiple Choice

Es recomendable que _________ (reciclar-we) el vidrio

• reciclamos

• reciclemos

Multiple Choice

Es necesario que… RESPETAR el medio ambiente (you, sg)

• respetemos

• respetais

• respetas

• respetes

Multiple Choice

Es preocupante que no ________ (separar- You sg) la basura.

• separemos

• separes

• separar

• separas

Multiple Choice

Es aconsejable que __________ (desenchufar- they) los aparatos eléctricos.

• desenchufen

• desenchufeis

• desenchufan

• desenchufemos

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Irregular Subjunctive Forms

• Ir(to go)= VAYA

• Ser (To be)= SEA

• HAY (there is /are)= Haya

• Tener = Tenga

• You must learn this by heart!

Multiple Choice

Its is worrying that there is so much pollution.

"Es preocupante que ______ tanta contaminación

• haya

• sea

Multiple Choice

It is essential that we have solutions.

"Es esencial que_________ soluciones)

• tenga

• tengamos

• tenemos

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