How ecosystems work

How ecosystems work

Multiple Choice

Modern humans (Homo sapiens) have been on the planet for a long time compared to other living forms, therefore, had more time to evolve.

• true

• false

Multiple Choice

developed countries _______________________________

• have a smaller ecological footprint per person

• have a higher fertility rate than other countries

• have a lower carbon footprint than lower and middle-income countries

• have a higher energy consumption demand than other countries

Multiple Choice

The biocapacity is how much energy a country can produce

• true

• false

Multiple Choice

Why does the diagram below seem to show that people on Earth have been consuming more resources than exist on the planet since the late 1980s?

• the diagram is incorrect, people cannot consumer more resources than exist on the Earth.

• the diagram only measures consumption rates of highly developed countries.

• much of the consumption is of non-renewable resources or is higher than the regenerative capacity of renewable resources, a situation than is not sustainable in the long-term.

• the diagram only measures consumption rates of moderately developed countries.

Multiple Choice

Natural resources in developing countries are depleted by

• high rate of individual consumption and high tech extraction of resources.

• rapid population growth and consumption by people in highly developed countries.

• long life expectancy and top of the line medical facilities.

• many foreign imports and hubs for computer servers.

Multiple Choice

The field that examines moral values to determine how humans should relate to the natural environment is:

• green ideology

• environmental ethics

• population overconsumption

• environmental legislation

Multiple Choice

What is the overlapping goal between the western world view and the deep ecology world view?

• conserve human and nonhuman life

• leave no trace in nature

• bring power and status to the individual

• reduction of consumption

Multiple Choice

One objective of global sustainable development is to eradicate

• ozone layer

• poverty

• renewable resources

• solid waste

Multiple Choice

A company that makes light bulbs decides to make energy-efficient light bulbs only, the new bulbs are not going to be compatible with most conventional lamps but their impact is extremely lower than any other bulbs on the market. This is a good example of sustainability?

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

According to a study published by Bradshaw et al. in 2010, increasing wealth is the most important driver of environmental impact.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Natural resources in developing countries are depleted by

• high rate of individual consumption and high tech extraction of resources.

• rapid population growth and consumption by people in highly developed countries.

• many foreign imports and hubs for computer servers.

• long life expectancy and top of the line medical facilities.

Multiple Choice

Of the different option below, which are the ones that have an impact in determining human impact on the environment, in particular concerning sustainable consumption?

• pollution, sustainability, human behaviors

• consumption, economic growth, country’s development level

• number of people, affluence per person, effect of technologies

• renewable resources, non-renewable resources, poverty levels

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a biotic factor?

• Coyote

• air

• elephant

Multiple Choice

All living things or organisms in an ecosystem are

• None

• biotic factors

• abiotic factors

Multiple Choice

ABIOTIC factors are ________ things in an ecosystem.

• living

• nonliving

Multiple Choice

ABIOTIC factors are ________ things in an ecosystem.

• living

• nonliving

Multiple Choice

Living space, temperature, sunlight, soil, wind, and precipitation make up the biotic components of the environment.

• true

• false

Multiple Choice

What is stated by the First Law of Thermodynamics?

• entropy always increases.

• .the organization of the universe is steadily increasing.

• energy cannot be created or destroyed

• energy can be created or destroyed by physical processes

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements about energy is

• It tends to be concentrated by living organisms.

• .Energy recycles continuously through an ecosystem.

• It can be used over and over again

• It flows in only one direction through an ecosystem.

Multiple Choice

What important role do decomposers play in the ecosystem?

:

• predation

• photosynthesis

• pollination

• nutrient cycling

Multiple Choice

A secondary consumer would eat:

Question options:

• fungi

• consumers

• tertiary consumers

• herbivores

Multiple Choice

Keystone species:

• are vital to the soil balance of an entire ecosystem

• .are always found at the top of the food chain

• .are usually not the most abundant species in the ecosystem.

• are only found in aquatic habitats.

Multiple Choice

Why have some plants evolved mutualistic relationships with nitrogen-fixing bacteria?

• The bacteria protect the plant from harmful effects of nitrogen compounds such as ammonia;

• the plants provide carbohydrates for the bacteria.The bacteria provide natural immunities to the plants; the plants shelter the bacteria from predators.

• The bacteria utilize nitrogen to produce energy for the plants;

• the plants provide the source of the nitrogen for the bacteria.

• Question options:

  The bacteria transform nitrogen into forms useful forms for the plants; the plants provide water and a place for the bacteria to live.

Multiple Choice

hich of the following processes is not involved in the hydrologic cycle?

• combustion

• precipitation

• evaporation

• transpiration

Multiple Choice

How does the phosphorus cycle DIFFER from the carbon cycle?

• the atmosphere does not contribute to the phosphorus cycle.

• The hydrosphere plays a role in the phosphorus cycle.

• There is little or no human impact on the phosphorus cycle.

• Phosphorus is not a critical component of living organisms.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the best definition of a biome?

• tA natural association that consists of all he populations of different species that live and interact together within an area at the same time

• A distinct aquatic ecosystem, surrounded by wetlands and terrestrial upland.

• One of several types of forests occurring across the globe.

• A large distinct terrestrial region similar climate, soil, organisms, regardless of its global location.