DT IGCSE Y10 - RM (Materials)

Design & Technology IGCSE Year 10

Resistant Material

Design & Technology IGCSE Year 10

Wood

Timber - Wood

In this section we will learn how to identify natural and man made wood.

Wood

• Grows naturally

• Can be classified into 2 categories ( softwood & hardwood)

• Softwood and Hardwood , woods have specific properties in term of strength and durability

Softwood

• Tall growing tree

• Lightweight

• Commonly found in yellow or pale yellow wood color

• Easier to produce long planks of wood

Hardwood

• Short and large growing tree

• Heavy and solid

• Commonly found in brown, deep red and deep walnut wood color

• Mostly used to create classy and expensively carved product

Multiple Select

Which of the following statement correctly describes softwood.

• Expensive

• Easy to produce long planks

• Grows short

• Lightweight

• Easy to work with hand tools and machines

Multiple Select

Which of the following statement correctly describes hardwood.

• Expensive

• Easy to produce long planks

• Grows short

• Lightweight

• Easy to work with machines

Man Made / Manufactured Board

Wood board which are made by combining few the materials together.

Man Made / Manufactured Board

• Wood veneers, wood scraps, saw dust

• Adhesive - PVA, UF, MUF, Phenolic Resin

• Layering

• Compression for bonding

Type Man Made / Manufactured Board

• Plywood - Different layer of wood veneer glued and compressed to dry

• MDF - sawdust compressed with binding adhesives

• Chipboard - small wood chips combined using adhesives

• Blockboard - different off cuts of wood bonded together

Open Ended

Plywood is made from...

Multiple Select

Man-made boards include...

• Balsa

• MDF

• Bamboo

• Plywood

Multiple Choice

A veneer is ...

• a thin layer of chipboard

• a thin layer of material, usually wood or plastic

• a thick layer of wood that is glued on

• a thick layer of plastic added to wood

Design & Technology IGCSE Year 10

Plastics

Multiple Select

What are the 2 types of Polymers?

• Thermosetting Plastics

• Thermochromic Plastics

• Thermoplastics

• Thermopolymers

Multiple Choice

Polymers are

• acids

• alcohols

• plastics

• Bases

Thermoplastics

By heating the polymer, it turns as soft material.

It is available in the form of solids at Room temperature.

It is a recyclable process.

A thermoplastic is a plastic material that becomes moldable above a specific temperature and solidifies upon cooling. 

Thermoplastics

• Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET)

• Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC)

• Acrylic

• Polycarbonate

• Polypropylene (PP)

• Polystyrene

Multiple Choice

Polyvinyl chloride, Acrylic, Polystyrene and Polycarbonate:

• Thermosetting plastics.

• Elastomers.

• Thermoplastic materials.

• Natural plastics.

Multiple Select

Which of these are thermoplastic properties

• Reshaping capabilities

• High impact resistance

• Recyclable

• Resistant to high temperatures

• Cannot be recycled

Thermosetting Plastics

By heating the polymer, it turns as hard material. It is available in the form of liquid at Room temperature. It is a Non-Recyclable process. Thermosetting plastics are synthetic materials that strengthen during being heated but cannot be successfully remolded or reheated after their initial heat-forming called as Thermoset material.

Thermosetting Plastics

• Polyester resin

• Polyurethane

• Melamine

• Bakelite

• Silicone resin

• Epoxy resin

Multiple Choice

Thermosetting plastic is

• a plastic that can be repeatedly reheated and remoulded.

• a plastic that can be distorted under pressure but will return to its original shape after pressure is released.

• a plastic that can not be repeatedly reheated and remoulded.

Multiple Choice

How many times can thermosetting plastics be heated and shaped?

• Once.

• Twice.

• Three times.

• Many times.

Multiple Choice

Polyurethane, bakelite and melamine and polyester resins are:

• Thermosetting plastics.

• Elastomers.

• Thermoplastic materials.

• Natural plastics.

Design & Technology IGCSE Year 10

Metals

What Are Metals?

Metals are opaque, lustrous elements that are good conductors of heat and electricity. Most metals are malleable and ductile and are, in general, denser than the other elemental substances.

Multiple Select

Which of these is a property of metals?

• It's malleable

• It can't conduct electricity

• Mostly good conductor of electricity

• It's very brittle

Multiple Choice

Describe what luster means

• How an object reflects light
• How soft an object is
• If an object floats
• If an object can be dug out of the earth.

Multiple Choice

When an object changes shape when struck by a hammer.

• luster
• malleable
• brittleness
• ductile

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of most metals?

• Brittle
• Good conductor
• Ductile
• Malleable

Multiple Choice

An Alloy is formed by mixing two or more elements, of which at least one must be a metal. A binary alloy is formed when only two elements are mixed together.

• True

• False

Multiple Select

Select the two types of Metal category?

• Ferrous

• Merineum

• Potanium

• Non Ferrous

Multiple Choice

Metals, such as steel, contain Iron and therefore need to be protected from corrosion caused by exposure to air and water. What category of metals is this?

• Ferrous Metals

• Non-Ferrous metals

Multiple Choice

Which metal is commonly used in the manufacture of manhole covers?

• Aluminium

• Copper

• Cast Iron

• Mild Steel

• Stainless Steel

Multiple Choice

Which of the following ferrous metals is not vunerable to rust?

• Stainless Steel
• Mild Steel
• Cast Iron

Multiple Choice

Which of the following metals is the hardest?

• Aluminum

• Mild Steel

• Cast Iron

• Brass

Multiple Choice

Which metal is commonly used in the manufacture of drinks cans?

• Aluminium

• Copper

• Brass

• Mild Steel

• Stainless Steel

Multiple Select

What metals are Non-Ferrous?

• Aluminium

• Mild Steel

• Cast Iron

• Brass

• Copper

Multiple Choice

Can non ferrous metals rust?

• No

• Yes

• Yes but not as much as ferrous metals

Design & Technology IGCSE Year 10

Smart and Modern Material

Why they are known as Smart material?

Smart materials are 'reactive materials'. Their properties can be changed by exposure to stimuli, such as electric and magnetic fields, stress, moisture and temperature.

Multiple Choice

What are existing or modern materials with physical properties that can be varied (changed) by an external input, such as temperature, light, moisture, force or electrical current.

• Smart materials

• Composite materials

• Modern materials

Multiple Choice

I am a smart material that is easily bent when cool but jump back into shape when heated above a certain temperature eg. nitinol

• Shape memory Alloys

• Nano Materials

• Ceramics

• Cornstarch polymers

Multiple Choice

Glow in the dark, absorbs light during the day and emits it when dark E.G Fire exit signs

• Photochromic Materials

• Thermochromic Materials

• Phosphorescent pigments

• Holograms

Multiple Choice

Respond to changes in temperature by changing colour, t-shirts, mugs and temperature strips

• Nanomaterials

• Thermochromic materials

• Integrated electronics

• Thermochronic Materials

Multiple Choice

What composite is polyester resin reinforced with strands of glass fibres?

• Reinforced concrete

• Carbon fibre

• Glass reinforced plastic

• Kevlar

Multiple Choice

Which Smart material changes colour with changes in light rays.

• Polymorph

• Photochromic pigments

• Thermochromic pigments

• Smart grease

Design & Technology IGCSE Year 10

Composites

What is a composite material?

A composite material is a combination of two materials with different physical and chemical properties. When they are combined they create a material which is specialised to do a certain job, for instance to become stronger, lighter or resistant to electricity. They can also improve strength and stiffness.

Multiple Choice

What consists of a reinforcing (strengthening) materials and a bonding agent (something that sticks it together) called the matrix.

• Smart materials

• Composite materials

• Modern materials

Multiple Choice

A composite material has:

• The same functionality as its components

• Lower functionality than its components

• Higher functionality than its components

• None of these

Multiple Choice

Reinforced concrete contains __________ in the concrete pillars which makes them stronger than normal concrete and are able to support larger loads than normal concrete.

• Steel rods

• Steels sheets

• Iron bars

• Magnesium

Multiple Choice

what is reinforcement

• fibers or particles that give the composites strength,stiffness and density

• a composite with different sets of properties than its constituent materials

• decrease in cracking by distributing stress evenly

• fillers added to save money or modify properties

Multiple Choice

what is a matrix

• fibers that give the composite strength

• material that retains its own structure

• working together of reinforcements and heat

• continuous portion of the composites