The Periodic Table and Energy-Level Models

The Periodic Table and Energy-Level Models

Student Objectives: I can:

• Interpret the information given in the periodic table to describe the arrangement of electrons on the energy levels around an atom.

Energy Level Cross Section

• Electrons are in regions around the nucleus that are different distances away from the nucleus.

• The electrons surround the nucleus in 3 dimensions but it is easier to show an energy level model in two dimensions like the model that looks like a target.

Electron Shells

• Each shell can hold a certain number of electrons.

• 
  

What element is this?

• This energy level model shows two electrons on the first energy level and six electrons on the second energy level.

• Since this atom has a total of eight electrons, it also has eight protons.

• The atom with eight protons in its nucleus (atomic number 8) is.......

Multiple Choice

An element's atomic number represents?

• mass number

• number of electrons

• number of protons

• number of neutrons

Multiple Choice

Which two particles make up the atomic nucleus?

• proton, electron
• neutron, electron
• proton, neutron
• electron, quark

Multiple Choice

Where are electrons found in an atom?

• in the nuclues

• electrons don't exist

• orbiting the nucleus

Periods on the Periodic Table

• Rows across on the periodic table are called periods.

• 1st Period: Hydrogen and helium—Electrons go into the first energy level. After the first level has two electrons, the next electron goes into the second level.

• 2nd Period: Lithium to neon—Electrons go into the second level. After the second level has 8 electrons, the next electron goes into the third level.

Periods on the Periodic Table

• 3rd Period: Sodium to argon—Electrons go into the third energy level. After the third energy level has 8 electrons, the next electron goes into the fourth level.

• 4th Period: Potassium and Calcium—Electrons go into the fourth energy level.

Multiple Choice

In what period on the periodic table is the element Lithium?

• Group 7

• Group 3

• Group 5

• Group 2

Groups/Families

• Columns going down the periodic table are called groups or families

• 18 groups on the periodic table

Multiple Choice

What is the name of the element? (Periodic table will be needed)

• sodium

• magnesium

• vanadium

Multiple Choice

What are the horizontal rows on the periodic table called?

• periods

• groups

• metals

• nonmetals

• metalloids

Multiple Choice

What are the vertical columns on the periodic called?

• groups

• periods

• nonmetals

• metals

• metalloids

Multiple Choice

Name group 8A on the periodic table.

• alkali metals
• alkaline earth metals
• transition metals
• noble gases

Multiple Choice

Name group 1A on the periodic table.

• alkali metals
• alkaline earth metals
• noble gases
  noble gases
• halogens