The Periodic Table

The Periodic Table

Mr. Mendoza

Dmitri Mendeleev (1869)

Mendeleev(Russinan Chemist) and Lothar Meyer (Germany) published nearly identical classification schemes for elements known to date. (The Periodic Table)

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The Periodic Table

Based on the similarity of properties and reactivities exhibited by certain elements.

Multiple Choice

In Mendeleev's periodic table, elements in each column had similar

• atomic masses.

• properties.

• atomic numbers.

• symbols.

Henri Moseley (England,1887-1915)

established that each elements has a unique atomic number, which is how the current periodic table is organized.

Multiple Choice

Which Scienticst established that each elements has a unique atomic number, which is how the current periodic table is organized.

• Mendeelv

• Moseley

• Meyer

• Rutherford

NOW!

A map of the building block of matter.

Down the Periodic Table

Group/Family: Are arranged vertically down the periodic table (columns or group, 1- 18 or 1-8 A,B)

These elements have the same number of electrons in the outer most shells, the valence shell.

Across the Periodic Table

Periods:  Are arranged horizontally across the periodic table (rows 1-7)

These elements have the same number of shells or energy levels.

Multiple Choice

The order of elements in the modern periodic table is based on an element's

• atomic number.

• name.

• chemical symbol.

• atomic mass.

Multiple Choice

Each column of the periodic table is

• an element.

• a group.

• an isotope.

• a period.

Multiple Choice

Atoms of elements that are in the same group have the same number of

• protons.

• neutrons.

• valence electrons.

• protons and neutrons.

Open Ended

Describe a period of the periodic table.

Periodic Table:  The three broad Classes

Main, Transition, Rare Earth

Main (Representative), Transition metals, lanthanides and actinides (rare earth)

Notable families of the Periodic Table and some important members:

Alkali Metals (Group 1)

Alkaline Earth Metals(Group 2)

Halogens (Group 7)

Noble Gasses(Group 8)

Multiple Choice

Which of the following elements is an alkali metal?

• calcium

• magnesium

• mercury

• sodium

Multiple Choice

Which elements have 1 valence electron?

• period 1

• group 1

• group 4

Multiple Choice

Sodium (Na) is found in group 

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

Metals

Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity, malleable and ductile (they can be drawn into wire).

Most of the metals are solids at room temperature, with a characteristic silvery shine (except for mercury, which is a liquid).

80%

Non Metals 

Poor conductors of heat and electricity, and are not malleable or ductile; many of the elemental nonmetals are gases at room temperature

Exist in all three states of matter.

The solids are not lustrous.

Metalloids

intermediate in their properties

In their physical properties, they are more like the nonmetals, but under certain circumstances, several of them can be made to conduct electricity.

Metalloids

A jagged black line along the right side of the table separates the metals from the nonmetals

metals are to the left of the line (except for hydrogen, which is a nonmetal), the nonmetals are to the right of the line, and the elements immediately adjacent to the line are the metalloids.

Multiple Choice

Which of these elements are a Non-Metal?

• Copper

• Gold

• Oxygen

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of most metals?

• Brittle
• Good conductor
• Ductile
• Malleable

Multiple Choice

Which of these is a property of metals?

• It's malleable
• It can't conduct electricity
• They are used in food
• It's very brittle

Alkali Metals 

All of these elements have a similar configuration of outer-shell electron

Very reactive metals( water), always combined with something else in nature (like in salt).

Multiple Choice

Is hydrogen an alkali metal?

• no

• yes

• maybe

Multiple Choice

How many electrons do the alkali metals have in their outer shell?

• 1

• 2

• 8

• 7

Alkaline Earth Metals 

“Alkaline”: compounds of these elements form basic (pH greater than 7) or alkaline solutions when dissolved in water.

less reactive than the alkali metals

have two electrons in that outer shell.

Transition Metals

Elements in groups 3-11

Less reactive harder metals

Includes metals used in jewelry and construction.

Metals used“as metal.”

Halogens

7 Outer-shell electrons, very reactive, non-metals, poor conductors, never uncombined in nature, tend to form salts.

Multiple Choice

Which answer has the Chemical Symbols for the elements in Group 7?

• F, Cl, Br, I, At, Uus

• N, P, As, Sb, Bi, Uup

• Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra

• Ab, Cd, Ef, Gh, Ij, Kz

Multiple Choice

What group are the Halogens?

• 6.9

• 7

• 8

• 3

Multiple Choice

How many electrons are found in the outer shell of an alkaline earth metal?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

The Noble Gases

Elements whose atoms have full outer shells so they are very unreactive, colorless, odorless gases

Multiple Choice

How many elements are in the Noble Gas family?

• 24
• 13
• 6
• 18

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