SHS BIOLOGY SNAPSHOT 2 REVIEW VTREVINO

BIOLOGY SNAPSHOT 2 REVIEW VTREVINO

DOMINANT AND RECESSIVE ALLELES

DOMINANT "UPPERCASE" (E)

recessive "lowercase" (e)

RATIO: TOTAL 4 OFFSPRING BOXES

IMAGE RATIO: 1BB:2Bb:1bb

*YOU CAN SIMPLIFY IF POSSIBLE

Multiple Choice

shows even if only one parent passes on the gene

• recessive
• regulatory gene
• dominant

Multiple Choice

the physical look of a trait

• phenotype
• genotype
• recessive

Multiple Choice

when you have two of the same genes

• heterozygous
• recessive
• homozygous

Multiple Choice

when you have two different genes

• heterozygous
• dominant
• homozygous

Multiple Choice

Look at the diagram shown below.

Which of these choices gives the correct ratio for the offspring predicted by the diagram?

• 2 BB : 1 Bb

• 1 BB : 1 BB

• 1 BB : 1 Bb

• 1 BB : 2 Bb

Multiple Choice

Look at the diagram below.

Which of these choices best describes what the shaded box represents?

• one possible combination of alleles in all offspring

• the only possible combination of alleles in an offspring

• the only possible combination of alleles in the female parent

• one possible combination of alleles in the male, but not the female parent

Multiple Choice

Examine the Punnett square below.

Which of the following choices gives the alleles of the parents shown here?

• BB and BB

• BB and Bb

• Bb and Bb

• Bb and bb

NATURAL SELECTION (BACTERIA- ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE)

BACTERIA POPULATION CAN VARY/DIVERSITY IN RESISTANCE TO ANTIBIOTICS.

ANTIBIOTICS KILL ALL BACTERIA NOT JUST BAD BACTERIA BUT ALSO GOOD BACTERIA.

Multiple Choice

Antibiotic resistant bacteria are a problem because:

• we can't help people with those infections

• bacteria smell pretty bad

• something about viruses

• they are not a problem, I love being sick

Multiple Choice

During natural selection, the organisms with the best adaptations..

• survive better in their environment
• have higher fitness
• pass down their traits more often
• All of these are correct

Multiple Choice

If you go to a doctor and are prescribed antibiotics you probably have an illness cause by a 

• virus
• bacteria
• host cell
• macrophage

Multiple Choice

Bacteria undergo which type of reproduction? 

• asexual
• sexual

Multiple Choice

Based on the figure, which antibiotic inhibited the growth of the bacteria the most?

• A
• B
• C
• D

Multiple Choice

Bacteria are called _____ because their DNA is not contained in a nucleus.

• prokaryotes
• eukaryotes
• cells
• viruses

Multiple Choice

The flu is caused by

• bacteria
• virus

Multiple Choice

All bacteria have DNA. 

• true
• false

Multiple Choice

A unicellular organism that does not have a nucleus

• fungus
• bacteria
• biome
• virus

CLASSIFICATION LEVELS

D- DOMAIN

K- KINGDOM

P- PHYLUM

C- CLASS

O- ORDER

F- FAMILY

G- GENUS

S- SPECIES

*HOW TO REMEMBER THE ORDER:

DEAR KING PHILLIP CAME OVER FOR GOOD SOUP

Multiple Choice

The taxon with the largest amount of organisms grouped together...

• Species

• Phylum

• Kingdom

• Domain

Multiple Choice

Which kingdom contains members who are prokaryotic?

• Archaebacteria and Eubacteria
• Archaebacteria and Protista
• Eubacteria and Animalia
• Eubacteria  and Fungi

Multiple Choice

Biologist group living things based on ____.

• Habitat

• Size

• Colors

• Shared Characteristics

Multiple Choice

The science of describing, classifying, and naming living things is called:

• Geology
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Chemistry

Multiple Choice

List the names of classification in order (Most Broad to Most Specific)

• D K P C F O G S

• K D F O C G S

• D K P C O F G S

• S G F O C P K D

Multiple Choice

The 8 levels of classification, most broad to most specific.

• Domain, Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum, Kingdom, Species
• Domain, Species, Kingdom, Genus, Phylum, Family, Class, Order
• Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
• Domain, Kingdom, Species, Phylum, Family, Order, Class, Genus

Multiple Choice

According to this cladogram, sharks are MOST closely related to which organism? 

• Amphibians
• Ray finned fish
• Crocodiles
• Birds

Multiple Choice

These two kingdoms contain multicellular heterotrophs.

• fungus and plant

• plant and animal

• fungus and plant

• fungus and animals

Multiple Choice

What is the most specific level of classification?

• Family
• Domain
• Species
• Carolus Linnaeus

Multiple Choice

Which levels of hierarchy form the scientific name?

• Class and species

• Order and genus

• Phylum and species

• Genus and species

NATURAL SELECTION (VARIATION & SCARCITY)

ONE OF THE VARIATIONS AMONG A POPULATION WILL BE "MORE FIT" TO ITS ENVIRNOMENT.

THE SCARCITY (LACK OF ) RESOURCES WILL INCREASE THE CHANCES FOR ONE OF THE VARIANTS TO BE THE "MOST FIT"

Multiple Choice

Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?

• Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
• Because they come from dominant alleles.
• Because they come from recessive alleles.
• Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.

Multiple Choice

Where the better adapted organisms survive to pass traits along to offspring.

• Evolution
• Natural Selection
• Extinction
• Artifical Selection

Multiple Choice

When an organism has a trait that allows it to blend in with its environment, we call that ____.

• mimicry
• camouflage
• lucky
• sonic hedgehog gene

Multiple Choice

What is it called when humans decide which traits of an organism are the most desirable and only allow those organisms with the specific, desired traits to breed.

• biological evolution
• evolution by natural selection
• artificial selection
• inbreeding

Multiple Choice

When an organism of a species has an adaptation, it will compete for resources better, survive longer and pass that adaptation on to it's offspring. This process is called

• evolution by natural selection
• artificial selection
• inbreeding
• outbreeding

Multiple Choice

The study of the similarity and differences in body structures between species.

• comparative anatomy
• embryology
• molecular biology
• archaeology

Multiple Choice

The discovery of DNA and genes proved that

• Darwin was wrong
• mutations create variations and come from genes
• we are all the same species
• bats and butterflies have a very close common ancestor

Multiple Choice

An inherited trait that increases an organism's chance of surviving and reproducing.

• variation
• adaptation
• vestigial structure
• mutation

Multiple Choice

A slight difference in an inherited trait between individual members of the same species.

• variations
• adapatations
• homologous structures
• analogous structures

Multiple Choice

These cause variations.

• mutations
• adaptations
• a desire to change
• injuries

FOSSILS: EVIDENCE OF COMMON ANCESTRY

MAINLAND SPECIES THAT LATER DEVELOPED INTO DIFFERENT SPECIES IN DIFFERENT AREAS (EX.ISLANDS)

YOU CAN FIND THE FOSSIL IN BOTH PLACES, THIS IS EVIDENCE OF COMMON ANCESTOR

Multiple Choice

Which parts of an organism are more likely to fossilize?

• the soft parts - skin, muscle
• the hard parts - bones, shells, stems
• all parts can become fossilized easily because the organism becomes buried by sediments

Multiple Choice

Fossils can provide evidence of how life has changed over time, how Earth's surface has changed, and clues about what past environments were like.

• True
• False

Multiple Choice

Which statement is true?

• Layer C is the oldest

• Layer B is older than Layer A

• Layer B is older than Layer C

• Layer A is the youngest

Multiple Choice

Fossils could provide evidence for....

• relationships between past organisms and current organisms

• past organisms only

• current organisms only

Multiple Choice

How do fossils form?

• An organisms is rapidly buried. The sediments and minerals replace the tissues.

• An organism is buried slowly. Only bones can become fossils

Multiple Choice

The preserved remains or evidence of ancient living things...

• clay

• fossils

• igneous rocks

• silt

Multiple Choice

Scientist study the ____________________ to learn about the history of life, past environments on Earth, and how different groups of organisms have changed over time.

• fossil record

• animal record

• historical record

• Earth record

Multiple Choice

What does the Acronym DNA stand for

• Do Not Abbreviate

• Deoxyribonucleic Acid

• Detection of Nucleic Acids

• Double Nucleic Acids

Multiple Choice

The process of evolution of a species whereby characteristics which help individual organisms to survive and reproduce are passed on to their offspring and those characteristics which do not help are not passed on is called

• (a) Artificial selection

• (b) Speciation

• (c) Hybridization

• (d) Natural selection