Latin American Revolutions

Latin American Revolutions

The Enlightenment, American Revolution and French Revolution influenced revolutions in the following places:

• Haiti

• South America

• Mexico

Nationalism

• Napoleon's conquests in Europe led to feelings of nationalism spreading across the continent and over the ocean.

• Nationalism is the desire of people with the same language, history, and customs for self-rule.

Let's start with the Haitian Revolution

Haiti was a French colony which was extremely profitable because of slave labor.

Things had been heating up for a while...

Toussaint L'Ouverture

• Former slave who was self educated

• Took leadership of the slave revolt that began in 1791

• Defeated the armies of Spain, France and Britain

The Haitian Flag (Color if you have materials)

• Similar to the French flag

• Uses horizontal, rather than vertical colors

• Eliminates the color white (representing colonial white oppression)

• Coat of arms states "with unity there is strength"

South American Revolutionary Leaders

• Simon Bolivar - Known as "El Libertador" also known as the "George Washington of South America"

• Jose de San Martin - The liberator of Argentina, Chile and Peru

• Bernardo O'Higgins - Chilean independence leader

What about Brazil?

• After Napoleon's defeat, creoles wrote Prince Dom Pedro demanding independence.

For almost 50 years, there was constant unrest in the Western Hemisphere.

El Grito de Dolores

• The battle cry of the Mexican War of Independence from Spain

• First uttered by Miguel Hidalgo, parish priest of Dolores on September 16, 1810.

Multiple Choice

Which Latin American nation was the first to gain its independence?

• Haiti
• Cuba
• Mexico
• Ecuador

Multiple Choice

Which Latin American revolutionary leader helped to liberate parts of southern South America, like Argentina and Chile?

• Miguel de Hidalgo
• Jose de San Martin
• Toussaint L'Ouverture
• Simon Bolivar

Multiple Choice

Which country did Father Miguel Hidalgo help to start an independence movement in 1810 in?

• Brazil

• Mexico

• Peru

• Florida

Multiple Choice

Which historical figure best completes this chart comparing revolutionary leaders?

• Father Miguel Hidalgo
• T'oussaint L'Ouverture
• Jose de San Martin
• Simon Bolivar

Multiple Choice

"Juárez Defeats French Troops in Mexico"
"Bolívar Leads Revolutions in South America"
"San Martín Liberates Argentina"
These newspaper headlines refer to the emergence of

• mercantilism
• Marxism
• nationalism
• colonialism

Multiple Choice

After Father Hidalgo was captured and killed who continued the quest for Mexican Independence?

• Toussaint L'Ouverture
• Simon Bolivar
• Agustin de Iturbide
• Jose Morelos

Multiple Choice

Who led the slaves in Haiti in a revolt against France?

• Miguel Hidalgo
• Simon Bolivar
• Toussaint L'Ouverture 
• Jose de San Martin