North Carolina Industries

North Carolina Industries

When the Civil War ended

many people wondered what the New South would look like. By the end of the 19th Century, North Carolina had started on a course toward INDUSTRIALIZATION.

Multiple Choice

In 1860, on the eve of the Civil War, how many people lived in North Carolina urban areas (cities)?

• 20,000

• 1 million

• 4 million

• 18 million

After the Civil War, the population of NC began to grow steadily.

• In 1880, there were 1.4 million people, and 55,000 in cities

• In 1900, there were 1.9 million, and 187,000 in cities

• North Carolina's industrialization led to crowth of a middle class, and led to the growth of cities in the Piedmont and towns of the Mountains

• Many cities began to address issues such as sewers, water supplies, electricity (it's new), transportation, parks, and PAVED roads!!

Multiple Choice

What was the largest city in North Carolina in 1900?

• Wilmington

• Asheville

• Durham

• Charlotte

Multiple Select

Which NC cities grew rapidly around 1900?

• Charlotte

• Asheville

• Winston

• Raleigh

• Greensboro

Growth of Cities

As industrialization began to happen in North Carolina, people began to move to cities for jobs in factories. As people began to move to cities, more industries grew in those cities. Most of these new growth cities will be in the North Carolina Piedmont. This string of cities will gain the nickname, "The Piedmont Crescent."

Multiple Choice

To ship manufactured goods between these cities in the Piedmont Crescent, what industry began to grow?

• railroads

• space

• online delivery

• teleportation

At the turn of the 20th Century,

railroads will grow rapidly in the South. Railroad tycoon Cornelius Vanderbilt and his family become very wealthy in the railroad industry. Other transportation innovations, such as the automobile, will encourage the development of PAVED ROADS!!

Multiple Choice

What historic home did the Vanderbilts construct in the mountains of North Carolina?

• Hill House

• Biltmore

• Fillmore

• Bly Manor

Multiple Select

What three industries will become boom with business after the Civil War and at the Turn of the 20th Century?

• Textiles

• Tobacco

• Furniture

• Airplanes

Textiles, Tobacco, and Furniture!

After the Civil War, these three industries will come to dominate the economic landscape of North Carolina. Let's take a brief look at each industry.

Multiple Choice

In the 1870s and 80s, the popularity of tobacco grew rapidly. What tobacco pioneer decided to make Winston, North Carolina the site of his tobacco business?

• W.T Pepsi

• C. M. Ducks

• M. R. Wings

• R. J. Reynolds

Winston and Durham

became very important to the development of tobacco manufacturing in North Carolina. By 1880, there were 126 tobacco factories, most in Winston and Durham.

Multiple Choice

True or False: The Durham Bulls Baseball Club were created as a way to advertise smoking tobacco for W.T. Blackwell and Company?

• True

• False

Bull Durham Smoking Tobacco

became world famous because of the the clever advertising techniques of the Blackwell and his partner, Julian Shakespear Carr.

Multiple Choice

True or False: the town of Carrboro is named for tobacco pioneer Julian Shakespear Carr?

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

True or False: Blackwell and Carr once advertised Bull Durham tobacco by painting the Durham Bull on a pyramid in Egypt?

• True

• False

• Propaganda made it seem true

Multiple Choice

True or False: Duke University is named for tobacco pioneer Washington Duke?

• True

• False

The same year RJ Reynolds arrived in Winston, Washington Duke arrived in Durham, NC.

Duke was a yeoman farmer in Orange County before the Civil War. In the early 1880s, the Dukes and Blackwell produced hand rolled cigarettes. In 1890, James "Buck" Duke broke away from Blackwell and innovated tobacco by producing machine rolled cigarettes, creating the American Tobacco Company. With his wealth, Duke made sizable contributions to Trinity College of Durham, which eventually changed its name to Duke University.

Multiple Choice

How big did the American Tobacco company become?

• it eventually controlled 75% of the tobacco industry in the US

• it eventually controlled 50% of the tobacco industry in the US

• it eventually controlled 25% of the tobacco industry in the US

• it eventually controlled 15% of the tobacco industry in the US

Multiple Choice

What are textiles?

• like, the tiles in bathrooms, right?

• the letters the put on signs

• fabric products like clothing, socks, and bed sheets

• tiles with letters on them

Between 1880 and 1900 the TEXTILE INDUSTRY

grew at an extraordinary rate. Many family owned mills began to industrialize and mechanize as business specialists made it more profitable. Poor farmers moved to the city to take jobs in the mills. The industry grew because of its proximity to cotton, water power, and railroads of the Piedmont.

Multiple Choice

What was the annual (yearly) wage for a man working in a textile mill?

• $20,000 a year

• $10,000 a year

• $2160 a year

• $216 a year

Labor in the mills

was cheap. In a year, men earned $216, women made $157, and CHILDREN earned $103. Mill workers put in from 63 to 75 hours a week. Women and children accounted for 58% of the workforce. Families often lived in "mill villages" to be closer to the textile mill, contributing to the growth of Piedmont cities.

Multiple Choice

What is the oldest furniture manufacturer in North Carolina?

• Sharp Furniture in Leeds

• White Furniture Company in Mebane

• Rooms to Go in Durham

• High Point Furniture Manufacturing Company (HPFMC for short?)

The Furniture Industry

grew in North Carolina beginning in the 1880s. The White Furniture Co. was the first in NC, in Mebane. Eventually, High Point became the center of the state's furniture industry. In the High Point FMC's first year, they sold $75,000 worth of furniture. That's pretty awesome in 1889. By 1900, they had 44 factories and 2000 workers. The railroad transported lumber and finished furniture to the cities in the Piedmont Crescent.

Agriculture Declined

• Farmers moved to cities to work in factories

• Poor farmers had to rent their land via 'sharecropping'

• As prices declined over the next few decades, farming became even more difficult

• Many former slaves found work as sharecroppers after the Civil War

Education Grew

As cities grew, new colleges and universities were created in the growth cities of the Piedmont. In addition, to address the need for childhood education, teacher colleges were created at UNC and what becomes Fayetteville State Univ. In 1887, NC State was created in Raleigh, and the State Normal and Industrial School for Women (UNC Greensboro) was established.

Multiple Select

Which of the following universities were created in the late 1800s in NC?

• UNC

• NC State

• Fayetteville State

• Elizabeth City State

• North Carolina A&T

HBCU's (Historically Black Colleges and Universities)

were created throughout the South after the Civil War to provide education to the children of former slaves. Colleges such as Elizabeth City State, Fayetteville State, and NC A&T were created in this time.

Next, go to the Canvas page to access the NC Industries Review

Look for the Google form link under Task 2. In this activity, have someone in your group read the clue aloud, and then collaborate to determine which industry (tobacco, textiles, or furniture) best applies.