Ch. 18 Day 2

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Ch. 18, Day 2

Where We Left Off Yesterday...

• Why is maintaining a balance important?

• Fluid Concentrations (Saltwater Example)

• Fluid Compartments

• Water In/Out

• Electrolytes In/Out

Multiple Choice

The thirst center is located in the:

• Thalamus

• Hypothalamus

• Midbrain

• Medulla oblongata

Multiple Choice

Which of the following includes the greatest volume of total body water

• Transcellular fluid

• Blood

• Extracellular fluid

• Intracellular fluid

Objectives

• Describe how electrolyte Intake and output are regulated

• Explain how chemical buffer systems, the respiratory system, and the kidneys minimize changing pH values of the body fluids

• Describe the causes and consequences of elevation and decrease in body fluid pH.

Multiple Choice

The Hormone Aldosterone functions to provide the

• Reabsorption of sodium

• Secretion of sodium

• reabsorption of potassium

• Secretion of calcium

Multiple Choice

Calcium ion concentration is regulated by:

• Aldosterone

• Calcitonin

• Parathyroid hormone

• Parasympathetic impulses

Multiple Choice

The strength of an acid depends upon the

• Number of hydrogen ions in each molecule

• Nature of inorganic salt

• Degree to which molecules ionize in water

• Concentration of acid molecules

Multiple Choice

Acid-base buffer systems minimize pH changes by:

• Converting weak acids into strong acids

• Converting strong acids into weak acids

• Causing the breathing rate to increase

• Promoting the excretion of hydrogen ions

Multiple Choice

The slowest acting of the mechanisms that control pH is the:

• Buffer systems

• Respiratory system

• Kidneys

Multiple Choice

Obstruction of the airways leads to:

• Respiratory acidosis

• Respiratory alkalosis

• Metabolic acidosis

• Metabolic alkalosis