Chapter 2 Review Nature of Matter

Chapter 2 Review Nature of Matter

Today's Objective

 Students will be able to demonstrate mastery of the nature of matter by review ideas to prepare for an assessment 

Describing Matter - Key Concepts

• Every form of matter has two kinds of properties - physical properties and chemical properties.

• Elements are the simplest substances.

• When elements are chemically combined, they form compounds having properties that are different from those of the uncombined elements.

• Each substance in a mixture keeps its individual properties. Also, the parts of a mixture are not combined in a set ratio.

Changes in Matter - Key Concepts

• A substance that undergoes a physical change is still the same substance after the change.

• Unlike physical change, chemical change produces new substances with properties different from those of original substances.

Energy and Matter- Key Concepts

• Forms of energy-related to changes in matter include chemical, electromagnetic, electrical, and thermal energy.

• During a chemical change, chemical energy may be changed to other forms of energy. Other forms of energy may also be changed to chemical energy.

Multiple Choice

The ability to dissolve in water and to conduct electricity are examples of

• A: physical properties

• B: chemical changes

• C: chemical properties

• D: chemical bonding

Multiple Choice

Water is an example of

• A: an element

• B: a homogeneous mixture

• C: a compound

• D: a heterogeneous mixture

Multiple Choice

When matter changes, the most common form of energy released and absorbed is

• A: electrical energy

• B: thermal energy

• C: chemical energy

• D: electromagnetic energy

Multiple Choice

New substances are always formed when matter undergoes a

• A: change in shape

• B: physical change

• C: change in temperature

• D: chemical change

Multiple Choice

Chemical energy is the energy

• A: of temperature

• B: stored in the bonds between atoms

• C: of moving, electricity charged particles

• D: that travels through space as waves

Fill in the Blanks

The pencil you write with is an example of matter, which is defined as anything that

Fill in the Blanks

All matter is made up of slightly more than 100 different elements, which are pure substances that

Fill in the Blanks

Different substances can be classified by their chemical properties or properties that

Fill in the Blanks

Chemist Antoine Lavoisier's experiments demonstrated the law of conservation of matter, which states that

Fill in the Blanks

The melting of ice is an example of an endothermic change or a change in which

Open Ended

What are three ways that compounds and mixtures differ?

Open Ended

How does a physical change differ from a chemical change?

Open Ended

How are changes in matter related to changes in energy?

Open Ended

How do you know that the burning of candle wax is an exothermic change?

Multiple Select

Which of the following is a solution:

• pure water

• fruit punch

• cereal and milk in a bowl

Open Ended

Explain your choice.

Open Ended

Suppose you dissolve some table salt in a glass of water. How could you prove to someone that dissolving was a physical change, not a chemical change?

Multiple Choice

A student has two liquids at the same temperature. The liquids react with one another when mixed. The graph below shows the change in temperature after two liquids are mixed. Did the reaction absorb or release energy?

• absorb

• release

Open Ended

Explain your answer

Open Ended

The elements phosphorous and oxygen form a compound with the formula P₂O₅. What is the ratio of phosphorus atoms to oxygen atoms in the compound?

Multiple Select

Which diagrams represent a single element?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Select

Which diagram represent pure substances?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Open Ended

How do the molecules in diagram A differ from those in diagram D?

Open Ended

Which diagram represents a mixture? Explain.