Unit 3 Section 1 Vocabulary

Unit 3 Section 1 Vocabulary

Lesson 1

Rise of the Nation-State

Advocate

to speak or write in support of an argument

Destabilize

to cause something to stop functioning in the desired way, often leading to collapse

Ethnic group

a group of people who share the same customs, culture, religion, and origins

Nationalism

a desire by a large group of people with a shared culture, history, and langue to form a separate and independent nation of their own

Nation-state

a country in which the population shares the same history, culture, language, and religion

Realpolitik

politics based on power and practical facts rather than theoretical or ideological sentiments

Multiple Choice

___ encouraged people with a shared identity to form their own countries

• Nationalism

• nation-state

• realpolitik

Multiple Choice

In the 1800's, European empires began to ___, started to collapse.

• advocate

• destabilize

• ethnic group

Multiple Choice

___ are countries with a shared history, culture, language, and religion.

• nationalism

• Nation-States

• realpolitik

Multiple Choice

An ___ is a group of people who share the same, customs, culture, religion, and origins.

• advocate

• destabilize

• ethnic group

Multiple Choice

Otto von Bismark used the policy of ___, or politics based on power and practical facts.

• nationalism

• Nation-States

• realpolitik

Lesson 2

The Industrial Age

Common

belonging to a group or community

Cottage industry

industry in which the production of finished goods is based out of people's homes

Entrepreneur

someone who invests in and manages a business

Mass production

the process by which goods are manufactured on a large scale, reducing their individual cost

Tenant farmer

someone who farms land owned by someone else and shares the profit with the landowner

Textile

woven cloth

Multiple Choice

Much of England's farmland was ___ property, or property belonging to a group or community.

• common

• cottage industry

• entrepreneur

Multiple Choice

Some people who could no longer farm for themselves became ___, or someone who farms land owned by someone else with whom they share the profit.

• mass production

• tenant farmer

• textile

Multiple Choice

Bankers and ___, or people willing to invest in manufacturing, helped spur the Industrial Revolution in England

• common

• cottage industry

• entrepreneurs

Multiple Choice

Before industrialization artisans produced goods at home. This is called ___.

• common

• cottage industry

• entrepreneur

Multiple Choice

The __, or woven cloth, industry was one of the first to benefit from the industrial revolution.

• mass production

• tenant farmers

• textile

Multiple Choice

Newly invented machines allowed factories to ___ textile, or make textiles on a large scale.

• mass produce

• tenant farmers

• textile

Lesson 3

The Growth of Cities

Agrarian

related to farms and farming

Mandatory

required by rule or law

Middle class

the social class that is between the upper class and the lower class that includes mainly business and professional people, government officials, and skilled workers

Slum

a densely populated area characterized by dirty, run-down housing, and high rates of poverty

Urbanization

the movement of people from rural areas to cities

Multiple Choice

The growth of cities is called ___.

• agrarian

• mandatory

• middle class

• slum

• urbanization

Multiple Choice

Many people lived in ___, or run-down buildings.

• agrarian

• mandatory

• middle class

• slum

• urbanization

Multiple Choice

New laws were passed to increase the standard of living. This included laws making schooling ___, or required.

• agrarian

• mandatory

• middle class

• slum

• urbanization

Multiple Choice

Through out the Industrial Revolution the ___, or the social class including business and professional people, grew.

• agrarian

• mandatory

• middle class

• slum

• urbanization

Multiple Choice

Industrialization led to the loss of ___ jobs, or jobs related to farming.

• agrarian

• mandatory

• middle class

• slum

• urbanization

Lesson 4

Impact of the Industrial Age

Accelerated

to cause faster or greater progress or development

Emigrate

to leave one country and move to another

Assembly line

a system of industrial production in which items are mass-produced in a continuous flow

Romanticism

an artistic and philosophical movement originating in the late 18th century that stressed imagination and emotion

Popular culture

the activities or products of a culture that are widely known or practiced

Multiple Choice

Samuel Slater ___ to the United states in 1789.

• accelerated

• emigrated

• assembly line

• romanticism

• popular culture

Multiple Choice

Henry Ford perfected the ___, or a system in which items are mass-produced in a continuous flow.

• accelerated

• emigrated

• assembly line

• romanticism

• popular culture

Multiple Choice

In Germany, after unification, industrialization ___ or sped up.

• accelerated

• emigrated

• assembly line

• romanticism

• popular culture

Multiple Choice

___ emerged in the late 1700s and emphasized imagination and emotion.

• accelerated

• emigrated

• assembly line

• Romanticism

• popular culture

Multiple Choice

___ began to grow in the late 1800 with an increase in magazines, leisure activities, spectator sports, and the invention of motion pictures.

• accelerated

• emigrated

• assembly line

• romanticism

• Popular culture

Lesson 5

Age of Reform

Suffrage

the right to vote

Compulsory

mandatory or required

Abolition

the act of officially ending something (such as slavery)

Reform

the improvement of something by removing or correcting faults or problems

Strike

the union tactic of refusing to work in order to force an employer to meet demands

collective bargaining

negotiations between an employer and the leaders of a union about improving working conditions

Multiple Choice

As the 1800s progressed, demands for labor __, or improvement of something, increased

• reform

• strike

• collective bargaining

Multiple Choice

One way workers tried to bring changes was by using ___, or refusing to work.

• reform

• strikes

• collective bargaining

Multiple Choice

Unions used ___, or negotiations between labor leaders and employers, to try to improve working conditions.

• reform

• strikes

• collective bargaining

Multiple Choice

Calls for the ___, or ending, of slavery increased during industrialization.

• suffrage

• compulsory

• abolition

Multiple Choice

Britain granted most adult males ___ by 1884.

• suffrage

• compulsory

• abolition

Multiple Choice

In 1870 Britain and the United States passed ___ education laws, making school required until a certain age.

• suffrage

• compulsory

• abolition

Lesson 6

New Economic Theories

Proletariat

a term used to identify the working class in industrial societies

Minority

a group that represents less than half of a population

Laissez-faire

economic policy that allows businesses to run with little interference from the government

Exploit

the unfairly use someone or something for benefit

Means of production

the raw materials, factories, tools, and machines used in the production process

Capitalism

economic system in which a country's industry and trade controlled by private owners and not the government

Socialism

economic theory that stresses government management of the production and distribution of goods

Multiple Choice

Examples of the ___ would be, farms, factories, and businesses.

• exploit

• means of production

• capitalism

• socialism

Multiple Choice

___ is an economic system featuring private ownership and a free market.

• exploit

• means of production

• capitalism

• socialism

Multiple Choice

Adam Smith promoted ___ capitalism, where the government does not interfere with the economy.

• proletariat

• minority

• laissez-faire

Multiple Choice

Without government regulation, factor owners were able to ___, or take advantage of, their workers.

• exploit

• means of production

• capitalism

• socialism

Multiple Choice

In The Communist Manifesto, Karl Marx states that the ___, or working class, will rise up and overthrow the bourgeoisie.

• proletariat

• minority

• laissez-faire

Multiple Choice

___ is an economic theory that stresses government management of the production and distribution of goods.

• exploit

• means of production

• capitalism

• Socialism

Multiple Choice

By 1900, the socialist were and influential ___ voice in European politics, making up only a small portion of politicians.

• proletariat

• minority

• laissez-faire