Section 7D

Section 7D

Assessing Risk

Fill in the Blanks

- U.S. data (2016 estimates):

car crash fatalities = 40,200;

car crash injuries = 4.6 million;

cost to society = $430 billion.

(Source: National Safety Council.)

9. About how often (once every x minutes or x seconds) on average is a person killed in a car crash in the United States? How often is a person injured in a car crash?

Once every _ minutes.

car crash fatalities = 40,200

•  $\frac{40,200\ deaths}{1\ year}\times\frac{1\ year}{365\ days}\times\frac{1\ day}{24\ hours}\times\frac{1\ hour}{60\ mi\eta utes}$  

•  $\frac{40,200\ deaths}{525,600\ mi\eta}=\frac{67}{876}\approx\frac{1\ death}{13.0746\ \min}$  

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- U.S. data (2016 estimates): car crash fatalities = 40,200;

car crash injuries = 4.6 million;

cost to society = $430 billion.

(Source: National Safety Council.)

9. About how often (once every x minutes or x seconds) on average is a person killed in a car crash in the United States? How often is a person injured in a car crash?

Once every _ seconds.

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13.

a. Express the 1995 and 2015 fatality rates in deaths per 100 million vehicle-miles traveled.

_ deaths per 100 million vehicle-miles traveled in 1995.

1995: 41,817 deaths per 2.4 trillion miles

•  $\frac{41,817\ death}{2,400,000,000,000\ miles}=\frac{?\ deaths}{100,000,000\ miles}$  

•  $\frac{1.742375\times10^{-8}\ deaths}{1\ mile}\times\frac{100,000,000}{100,000,000}=\frac{1.74\ deaths}{100,000,000\ miles}$  

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13.

a. Express the 1995 and 2015 fatality rates in deaths per 100 million vehicle-miles traveled.

_ deaths per 100 million vehicle-miles driven in 2015.

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13.

b. Express the 1995 and 2015 fatality rates in deaths per 100,000 population.

_ deaths per 100,000 population in 1995.

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13.

b. Express the 1995 and 2015 fatality rates in deaths per 100,000 population.

_ deaths per 100,000 population in 2015.

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13.

c. Express the 1995 and 2015 fatality rates in deaths per 100,000 licensed drivers.

_ deaths per 100,000 licensed drivers in 1995.

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13.

c. Express the 1995 and 2015 fatality rates in deaths per 100,000 licensed drivers.

_ deaths per 100,000 licensed drivers in 2015.

Open Ended

13.

d. Are the changes in the three fatality rates from 1995 to 2015 that you found in parts (a)–(c) consistent with one another? Briefly comment on the general conclusions they suggest.

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15. a. Compute the accident rate per million hours flown in 2000 and 2015. By this measure, has travel on U.S. airlines become safer?

There were _ accidents per million hours flown in 2000.

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15. a. Compute the accident rate per million hours flown in 2000 and 2015. By this measure, has travel on U.S. airlines become safer?

There were _ accidents per million hours flown in 2015.

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15. b. Compute the accident rate per billion miles flown in 2000 and 2015. By this measure, has travel on U.S. airlines become safer?

There were _ accidents per billion miles flown in 2000.

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15. b. Compute the accident rate per billion miles flown in 2000 and 2015. By this measure, has travel on U.S. airlines become safer?

There were _ accidents per billion miles flown in 2015.

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19. If you lived in a typical U.S. city of 500,000, how many people would you expect to die of a stroke in a year?

The US population in 2015 was about 320.7 million.

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21. Estimate the death rate for 60- to 65-year-olds. Assuming there were about 14.2 million 60- to 65-year-olds, how many people in this bracket could be expected to die in a year?

(From the table: 11 deaths per 1,000 people)

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27. High/Low U.S. Birth Rates. The highest and lowest birth rates in the United States in 2015 were in Utah and New Hampshire, respectively. Utah reported 51,154 births with a population of about 3.0 million people. New Hampshire reported 12,302 births with a population of about 1.3 million people. Use these data to answer the following questions.

a. On average, how many people were born each day of the year in Utah?

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27. High/Low U.S. Birth Rates. The highest and lowest birth rates in the United States in 2015 were in Utah and New Hampshire, respectively. Utah reported 51,154 births with a population of about 3.0 million people. New Hampshire reported 12,302 births with a population of about 1.3 million people. Use these data to answer the following questions.

b. On average, how many people were born each day of the year in New Hampshire?

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27. High/Low U.S. Birth Rates. The highest and lowest birth rates in the United States in 2015 were in Utah and New Hampshire, respectively. Utah reported 51,154 births with a population of about 3.0 million people. New Hampshire reported 12,302 births with a population of about 1.3 million people. Use these data to answer the following questions.

c. What was the birth rate in Utah in births per 100,000 people?

_births per 100,000 people.

Fill in the Blanks

27. High/Low U.S. Birth Rates. The highest and lowest birth rates in the United States in 2015 were in Utah and New Hampshire, respectively. Utah reported 51,154 births with a population of about 3.0 million people. New Hampshire reported 12,302 births with a population of about 1.3 million people. Use these data to answer the following questions.

d. What was the birth rate in New Hampshire in births per 100,000 people?

_births per 100,000 people.

31. a. Make a table showing the percentage of Americans over age 65 between 1950 and 2015.

•  $\frac{12.7\ seniors}{151\ total\ pop}\approx0.084105\ or\ 8.4\%$  

•  $\frac{17.2}{179}\approx0.096089\ or\ 9.6\%$  

•  $\frac{20.9}{203}\approx0.1029556\ or\ 10.3\%$