Human Body and Plant Systems & Homeostasis

Human Body and Plant Systems & Homeostasis

Physical and Chemical Change

Multiple Choice

Students want to model the changes that occur during digestion. During which procedure do they model a chemical change?

• Chopping vegetables with a knife, changing the size of the vegetables, to model the action of the teeth.

• Mashing crackers in a plastic bag, changing the size and shape of the crackers, to model the action of the stomach.

• Squeezing oatmeal through a stocking, changing the shape of the oatmeal, to model the action of the intestines.

• Mixing hydrochloric acid and bicarbonate, producing carbon dioxide gas, to model the action in the stomach.

Multiple Choice

The table provides information of the function of different digestive structures. Which of the digestive structures in the table caused chemical change to occur?

• Teeth – breaks down food into smaller pieces

• Tongue – helps shape the food into a ball to be passed from the mouth to the esophagus

• Esophagus— transports food from the mouth to the stomach

• stomach—acid breaks down food particles into nutrients the body can absorb

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of physical change during digestion?

• Food gets squeezed into a different shape when passing through the esophagus

• Enzymes break down fat droplets into fatty acids and glycerol

• starch is changed into disaccharide maltose in the small intestine

• Hydrochloric acid breaks down to carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in stomach

Multiple Choice

Which term describes the type of digestion that occurs when saliva breaks large molecules of food into smaller ones?

• Chemical

• Physical

• Peristalsis

• Absorbing

Homeostasis

Tropism

• Geotropism/Gravitropism- a plants growth in response to the force exerted on it by gravity.

• Phototropism- response of a plant to grow toward or away from light.

• Thighmotropism- a plants response to touch.

• Hydrotropism- a plants response to water.

Multiple Choice

Many birds migrate long distance when the seasons change. Which of the following is an environmental stimulus that would signal to the birds the changing seasons?

• Changes in length of daylight

• Increase in population of edible plants

• Decreased number of offspring per hatching event.

• Increase in annual precipitation levels

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a response of the body when infected with a virus?

• Decreased heart rate

• Blood diverted to muscles

• Craving salty foods

• Increased body temperature

Multiple Choice

When an animal is infected with a virus, the body responds by creating conditions that are not favorable for the virus. It does this by-

• Creating a sensation of hunger

• Raising the core body temperature

• Increasing sensitivity to sound

• Inhibiting the sense of balance

Multiple Choice

Pain is a stimulus in animals that leads to responses which help the animal to

• Find food in the habitat

• Recuperate after exercise

• Avoid harmful situations

• Fight serious infections

Multiple Choice

The flowers of the snow buttercup (Ranculus adoneus) face one direction in the morning, move throughout the day, and face the other way by the evening. Most likely this is a response to which external stimulus?

• Sun passing through the sky

• Daily rainfall patterns

• Daily rise and fall in temperature

• Physical contact with passing animals

Multiple Choice

When a plant wilts due to lack of water, it is responding to which of the following internal stimuli?

• Decreased water pressure within the plant

• Lack of nutrients carried by water in the plant

• Decreased rated of photosynthesis in the stem

• Increased storage of glucose in the leaves

Multiple Choice

A student places a plant in a dark room next to a growth lamp, while providing sufficient water and nutrients to ensure the plant’s growth and survival. The plant will likely respond by

• Increasing its rate of photosynthesis

• Wilting and eventually dying

• Shedding all of its leaves

• Bending towards the lamp

Multiple Choice

Roots grow downward in the soil in response to

• Water

• Sunlight

• Gravity

• Wind

Multiple Choice

A plant growing in the soil with a lack of water will

• Grow away from the sun

• Produce more attractive flowers

• Shut down the vascular system

• Increase glucose productions in leaves

Multiple Choice

A potted plant is tipped onto its side. As roots continue to grow, in which direction, shown in the illustration, will they grow?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

Your teacher asks you to draw a picture showing a force that affects the movement of living things. Which of these pictures would you draw?

• A lizard’s skin changing color

• The roots of a plant growing downwards

• Body of a lightening bug glowing at night

• Leaves of a plant undergoing photosynthesis

Multiple Choice

The diagram shows part of an experiment conducted by a student. What plant growth response was the student investigating?

• Phototropism

• Thighmotropism

• Geotropism

• Hydrotropism

Multiple Choice

Using the information in the last question, which force is the plant growth responding to?

• Gravity

• Friction

• Nuclear

• Air

Multiple Choice

The roots of a plant help to anchor the plant to the soil, are also used for food storage and water extraction. Roots are made up of tissues, such as xylem, phloem, and pith. In which level of organization would the roots of a plant most likely be classified?

• Cell

• Organ system

• Tissue

• Organ

Body Systems

Multiple Choice

The bar graph shows how the height of a young person changed during a five year period. Which statement best explains this change?

• The nervous system regulated growth during the period to keep the growth rate steady

• The endocrine system released hormones so the growth rate was steady over this period

• The digestive system released more nutrients each year to cause the growth rate to increase

• The circulatory system created more cells each year and caused the growth rate to increase.

Multiple Choice

The body must maintain a relatively stable amount of sugar in the blood to work properly. How would the endocrine system respond after a person digests a piece of fruit?

• It will remove the waste less quickly from the blood

• It will remove the waste more quickly from the blood

• It will release less of the hormone that helps cells take glucose out of the blood

• It will release more of the hormone that helps cells take glucose out of the blood.

Multiple Choice

The diagram shows two important parts of the human digestive system. Which of these statements is correct?

• The majority of physical digestion takes place in Part B

• The pancreas releases enzymes into Part A to aid in chemical digestion.

• As food digests, it moves through Part B first, then through Part A.

• The inside of Part A is covered with finger-like projections called villi.

Multiple Choice

Pertussis, or whopping cough, is a highly contagious disease that affects the respiratory system. The vaccine for this disease is only effective for a few years. The graph shows the number of cases of whopping cough that occurred in Sydney, Australia, during the first half of 2005. What percentage of cases occurred in people younger than 30 years old?

• 24.6

• 30

• 18.4

• 45

Multiple Choice

Which of the following correctly orders the organization in plants and animals from least to most complex?

• Organisms—> organ system—> organs—> tissues—> cells

• Tissues—> cells—> organs—> organisms—> organ systems

• Organs—> tissues—> organisms—> cells—> organ systems

• Cells—> tissues—> organs—> organ systems—> organisms

Multiple Choice

Sieve-tube cells and companion cells work together to transport sugar and nutrients inside plants. Together, sieve tube cells and companion cells form

• A tissue

• An organ

• An organ system

• An organism