Ancient Greek City-States

Ancient Greek City-States

Quick Review!

• city-state = "polis"

• built around a strong fortress

• "acropolis" = hill above city

• gathered in the agora (marketplace)

• city-states had differing governements

Sparta

• located on Peloponnesian Peninsula

• center was inland - no sea power

• turned to conquest to meet needs

• conquered Messenia

• helots - slave belonging to ALL of Sparta

• forced to farm

• provided food for Spartans

Multiple Choice

Who were the helots?

• nobles who ran the country

• slaves who worked the land

• merchants or artisans who lived in the villages

• soldiers who protected the city-state

Spartan Government

• mix of monarchy, oligarchy, democracy

• led by 2 kings

• council of elders - 28 men (oligarchy)

• small assembly of free adult males

• less power than Athens

• 5 Ephors - monitored kings/council

Multiple Choice

The true government of Sparta was a(n)

• democracy

• monarchy

• oligarchy

• tyrant

A Military State

• used conquest to gain resources

• needed strong military to prevent revolt of helots

• valued military discipline

• boys taken at 7 to begin training

• military trained at 18 (retire at 60)

• powerful army = stable gov.

Multiple Choice

Spartan society was notable (known) for

• a higher standard of living than most Greek city-states

• an emphasis on military and athletic ability

• great intellectual and artistic accomplishment

• being the birthplace of democracy

Social Classes

• men's club of soldiers = full citizen

• gained membership into assembly

• women = strong/healthy for child bearing

• greater independence than other city-states

• more freedom/responsible for raising future soldiers

Multiple Choice

Spartan women had more rights than women in the other city-states.

• True

• False

Sparta vs. Athens

• (S) feared individual differences/change

• (A) valued individual expressions/new ideas

• (S) rigid oligarchy/little change

• (A) democracy/evolved over time

• opposing values = TENSION

Sparta vs. Athens

• both unable to feed growing population

• (S) relied on conquest/slave labor

• (A) relied on trade

• (S) valued military/obedience

• (A) valued education/art/lit.

Multiple Choice

Which city-state had two kings?

• Sparta

• Athens

• Both

• Neither

Multiple Choice

Travel and trade were encouraged.

• Athens

• Sparta

Multiple Choice

Valued discipline and being STRONG

• Athens

• Sparta

Multiple Choice

Which city-state was famous for its art, architecture and culture?

• Athens

• Sparta

• Both

Multiple Choice

Which city-state used democracy as their main form of government?

• Athens

• Sparta

• Both

Multiple Choice

Which city-state made sure the education of girls included physical training so they could produce strong,healthy babies?

• Athens

• Sparta

• Both