Biology EOC Review

EOC Review

Multiple Choice

Which Cell that was viewed is most likely a prokaryote?

• Cell W

• Cell X

• Cell Y

• Cell Z

Multiple Choice

Protective Barrier that surrounds all cell types that controls what enters and leaves the cell.

• nuclear membrane

• cytoplasm

• cell wall

• cell membrane

Multiple Choice

What is the Function of the cell membrane?

• Produces ATP

• Keep the organelles in place

• Produces proteins and lipids

• Controls what enters and leaves the cell

Multiple Choice

What is the difference between active and passive transport?

• Active does not need energy and passive uses ATP (energy)

• Active stores transport proteins and passive releases

• Active uses ATP (energy) and passive does not need energy

• Active uses hormones and passive does not

Multiple Choice

The cell in the picture is in a _________ solution.

• Hypotonic

• Isotonic

• Hypertonic

• Equilibrium

Multiple Choice

In passive transport, molecules move from an area of __________ concentration to an area of __________ concentraiton

• high, low

• low, high

• water, salt

• active, passive

Multiple Choice

Put the following actions in order: DNA replicates, cell grows, cell divides, cell prepares for mitosis.

• DNA replicates, cell grows, cell prepares for mitosis, cell divides

• cell grows, DNA replicates, cell prepares for mitosis, cell divides

• cell grows, cell prepares for mitosis, DNA replicates, cell divides

• DNA replicates, cell prepares for mitosis, cell grows, cell divides

Multiple Choice

Put the following stages of mitosis in order: anaphase, prophase, metaphase, and telophase.

• prophase, metaphase, telophase, anaphase

• prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase

• prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

• prophase, telophase, metaphase, anaphase

Multiple Choice

Terrestrial plants have stomata on the surface of their leaves. A single stomata is surrounded by two guard cells that change shape in response to environmental factors and open or close the stoma. Which of the following best explains how the structure of the leaf is used in processes that occur in plants?

• Water enters the plant through the surface of the leaf for transpiration

• Gases for photosynthesis are exchanged through the surface of the leaf.

• Energy for cellular reproduction is absorbed through the surface of the leaf.

• Carbon dioxide enters the plant through the surface of the leaf for cellular reproduction.

Multiple Choice

How do viruses reproduce?

• They invade a living cell and use the cell's functions to replicate their genetic material.

• They copy their own genetic material inside a protein coat.

• They kill a cell and reproduce inside it.

• They do not reproduce because they are not technically living things.

Multiple Choice

Your friend is really irritable while sitting in class. He feels lightheaded and dizzy. He is also feeling a bit of confusion and brain fog.

What inferences are most realistic to make about the biomolecules in your friend's body?

• The coding information in the cell is incorrect or incomplete

• Proteins are being broken down or reshaped

• There is not enough insulation or energy storage

• He is running low on fast sources of energy

Multiple Choice

Characteristics such as a widow’s peak or attached earlobes are determined by the genetic code. Which components of DNA are referred to as the genetic code?

• phosphate groups

• deoxyribose sugars

• nitrogenous bases

• hydrogen bonds

Multiple Choice

What type of mutation is shown in the diagram

• substitution

• deletion

• insertion

• no change

Multiple Choice

Using the codon chart, which of the following polypeptides is coded for by the mRNA sequence 5’ AUG GUU AAA CGA CAA UCC 3'

• Val, Lys, Phe, Gly, Ser, Met

• Met, Val, lys, Arg, Gln, Ser

• Met, Asp, Phe, Ala, Arg, Ser

• Ile, Gln, Lys, Asp, Gly, Ser

Multiple Choice

What is the process shown in the diagram?

• Transcription

• mutation

• Translation

• Transformation

Multiple Choice

A section of a nucleic acid is shown below.

The process represented in the diagram produces a molecule that is complementary to the template strand of DNA. What type of molecule is produced?

• new DNA

• messenger RNA

• polypeptide

• carbohydrate

Multiple Choice

Which is the mRNA molecule that would be transcribed from this DNA template:

TGGCAAGTACGT

• ACCGTTCATGCA

• UCCGUUCUUGCU

• UGGCAAGUACGU

• ACCGUUCAUGCA

Multiple Choice

What is the probability of homozygous dominant offspring?

• 0%

• 50%

• 100%

• 25%

Multiple Choice

If B = brown hair and b = blonde hair, what is the probability of brown hair?

• 25%

• 0%

• 50%

• 75%

Multiple Choice

In a flowering plant species, red flower color (R) is dominant over white flower color (r). What is the probability of having a white flowered plant if the parents were heterozygous red and homozygous red?

• 0%

• 50%

• 25%

• 100%

Multiple Choice

DNA is recovered from a suspected dead soldier. Which Parents are the likely parents of the soldier?

• Parents C and D

• Parents A and B

• Parents E and F

• Parents G and H

Multiple Choice

An amniocentesis is a medical procedure that is used to

detect many genetic disorders in humans before birth. The

karyotype below shows the number and structure of

homologous pairs of chromosomes in a body cell of a human fetus taken from this medical procedure.

What caused the chromosomal alteration in number 21?

• part of one chromosome attached to another

  chromosome, translocation

• a duplicated chromosome failed to separate ,nondisjunction

• some of the genes on a chromosome were reversed, inversion

• a part of a chromosome was lost, deletion

Multiple Choice

The 8 levels of classification, most broad to most specific.

• Domain, Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum, Kingdom, Species

• Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

• Domain, Species, Kingdom, Genus, Phylum, Family, Class, Order

• Order, Kingdom, Species, Domain, Phylum, Family, Class, Genus

Multiple Choice

A student is studying the ecology of a playa lake, which forms after a rainfall in a dry lake bed. The table lists the organisms that the student observed.

Which level of biological organization has the student described in the table?

• Biosphere

• Ecosystem

• Organelle

• Community

Multiple Choice

Which organisms would be most related?

• 2 that share the same family

• 2 that share the same domain

• 2 that share the same kingdom

• 2 that share the same genus

Multiple Choice

Structures with the same parts have different functions; suggests that organisms share a common ancestry

• vestigial structures

• adaptive radiation

• homologous structures

• fossil

Multiple Choice

The image shows an example of..

• vestigial structure

• homologous structure

• analogous structure

• none of the above

Multiple Choice

The scientific theory of evolution is supported by different types of evidence. The diagram shows the skeletons of three different animal species. How does comparing the skeletons of these animals provide support for the scientific theory of evolution?

• It provides information about the organisms' habitats.

• It shows possible common ancestry between organisms.

• It provides information to determine the organisms' ages.

• It shows possible chromosomal similarities between organisms.

Multiple Choice

The trees these moths used to live on were white, but have been covered in soot from coal factories. Which moth will be more successful in this environment?

• dark moth

• both will be equally successful

• light moth

• neither will be successful

Multiple Choice

What process is being shown in this image?

• variation

• selective breeding

• natural selection

• homeostasis

Multiple Choice

Researchers studying populations of lizards from the genus Gallotia on the Canary Islands compared the protein cytochrome b in different populations. The table shows the number of differences in the cytochrome b protein between different populations.

Which conclusion about the relatedness of the lizards do these data support?

• G. atlantica and G. stehlini are the least closely related. .

• G. galloti eisentrauti and G. galloti palmae are the most closely related.

• G. simonyi and G. bravoana are the most closely related.

• G. galloti eisentrauti and G. galloti galloti are the least closely related

Multiple Choice

The main job of plant leaves is to

• make food for the plant through photosynthesis

• keep the plant cool by making shade

• collect water for the plant when it rains

• help in the process of reproduction

Multiple Choice

If carbon dioxide is completely removed from a plant's environment, what would you expect to happen to the plant's production of high-energy sugars?

• More sugars will be produced.

• No sugars will be produced.

• The same number of sugars will be produced but without carbon dioxide.

• Fewer sugars will be produced at first, but then the plant will recover.

Multiple Choice

In which way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration different?

• Cellular respiration stores ATP, while photosynthesis releases ATP.

• Photosynthesis releases energy, while cellular respiration stores energy.

• Cellular respiration produces oxygen, while photosynthesis uses oxygen.

• Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide, while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide.

Multiple Choice

Which is not a waste product of cellular respiration?

• water

• carbon dioxide

• heat

• oxygen

Multiple Choice

The scenario above is best described by the interaction of what three body systems?

• X=respiratory system, Y=circulatory system, Z=reproductive system

• X=circulatory system, Y=immune system, Z=muscular system

• X=muscular system, Y=nervous system, Z=immune system

• X=muscular system, Y=digestive system, Z=circulatory system

Multiple Choice

The diagram above represents an example of how the body regulates itself. This diagram describes what relationship in body systems?

• The circulatory system and nervous system interact to absorb nutrients.

• The circulatory system and nervous system interact to maintain homeostasis.

• The circulatory system and digestive system interact to defend the body from diseases.

• The nervous system and immune system interact for reproduction.

Multiple Choice

Several structures work together to allow flowering plants to reproduce. The diagram shows a typical flower.

Which table correctly identifies the function of each structure or group of structures in the reproduction of the plant?

• X Pollen production

  Y Pollen transfer

  Z Production of eggs

• X Protection for embryo

  Y Supply nourishment to embryo

  Z Place of embryonic development

• X Attraction of pollinators

  Y Production of male sex cells

  Z Egg production and embryo development

• X Photosynthesis

  Y Production of cells that protect internal organs

  Z Production of egg and sperm

Multiple Choice

The internal transport of water and minerals in plants requires that two systems work together. Which correctly describes how the two systems accomplish this task?

• absorption through the root system, then transport through the shoot system by vascular tissue and stomata in leaf tissue

• transpiration by the guard-cell and leaf systems, then sweating into the soil by the root system

• exchange of minerals for water in the root system, then transport of minerals through phloem to leaves in the stem system

• absorption of water by the leaf system, then transport through the meristematic system

Multiple Choice

Auxins are plant hormones that help regulate growth. Sunlight stimulates auxins on the shaded side of the stem causing the plant to grow faster on that side. This pushes the stem towards sunlight. This response is known as:

• geotropism

• phototropism

• transpiration

• thigmotropism

Multiple Choice

Barnacles create home sites by attaching themselves to whales. Since the barnacle is a filter feeder, it also gets access to more water (and food) due to the relationship. The whale is unaffected.

This is an example of which type of symbiosis?

• commensalism

• parasitism

• mutalism

• competition

Multiple Choice

Ostriches and gazelles feed next to each other. They both watch for predators. Because the visual abilities of the two species are different, they can each identify threats that the other animal may not see as readily. Both species benefit.

This is an example of which type of symbiosis?

• commensalism

• parasitism

• mutualism

• IDK

Multiple Choice

What is the order of succession shown in this figure?

• A, B, C, D

• C, D, A, B

• B, A, D, C

• D, A, B, C

Multiple Choice

The amount of energy the producers in this energy pyramid provide the primary consumers is 54,000 joules. From this amount, 540 joules are provided to the tertiary consumers. Based on this model, how much of the energy was provided to secondary consumers?

• 53,460 J

• 540 J

• 5,400 J

• 54 J

Multiple Choice

Which best explains why a pyramid is used to represent energy flow within an ecosystem?

• Available energy increases when moving up an energy pyramid.

• The size of the organism decreases when moving up an energy pyramid.

• Available energy decreases when moving up an energy pyramid.

• The population size of the organism increases when moving up an energy pyramid.

Multiple Choice

The nitrogen cycle is most directly dependent upon the-

• evaporation of water from Earth's surface

• ability of consumers to move from place to place

• nitrogen-fixing bacteria and lightening

• process of transpiration in autotrophs

Multiple Choice

If a disease destroying barley plants swept through an ecosystem, what would happen to the bird population that eat barley plants?

• The bird population would stay the same

• The bird population would decrease

• The bird population would infinitely increase