Ecological Succession & Human Impact on Ground&Surface water

Ecological Succession & Human Impact on Ground&Surface water

Review

Ecological Succession

• Primary Succession

• Secondary Succession

Ecological Succssion

The process of one ecological community changing into another one.

Role: for an ecosystem to reach a state of balance or rest after it has been formed or disturbed

Multiple Choice

What is ecological succession?

• A slow change in an environment
• A change that takes days in an environment
• No change
• Abiotic change

Primary Succession

• Lichens and moss (pioneer species) appear

• Breaks down rock to create soil

• Grass and weeds

• Small trees

• Large trees

• Climax Community

Multiple Choice

What is the first species you will see after a primary succession? (in picture)

• lichens
• grasses
• small plants

Secondary Succsion

• Forest

• Disturbance occurs (Catastrophic event)

• Everything is dead

• Soil is still present

• Pioneer Species: Grass and weeds

• Small animals and plants, Small trees....Tall trees

• Climax Community

Multiple Choice

succession that occurs in an area where soil is already present

• ecological succession 
• primary succession 
• secondary succession
• pioneer speciles

Climax Community

A community reaches a stable balance. It is at its peak.

Multiple Choice

A climax community is ….

• the beginning of a new ecological succession.
• the rocks in a new environment.
• the fire that will cause destruction.
• an area that reaches its greatest growing potential.

When I say the word disturbance, what do you think of?

?????

In ecology, a disturbance is an event that changes an ecosystem

Types of large Ecological Disturbances

• Floods

• Wildfires

• Severe storms

• Tsunamis

Multiple Choice

What is the order of succession shown in this figure?

• A, B, C, D
• B, A, D, C
• C, D, A, B
• D, A, B, C

Multiple Choice

the process by which a new community forms where no community lived before 

• resource
• invasive (non- native) species
• primary succession
• competition

Multiple Choice

The picture shows what type of succession?

• primary
• secondary
• tertiary
• quadanary

Multiple Choice

The picture shows what type of succession?

• primary
• secondary
• tertiary
• quadanary

Multiple Choice

First species to arrive in an area

• invasive species
• abiotic components
• pioneer species
• parasites

Multiple Choice

Which is the correct order in primary succession?

• Rocks, Lichens & Mosses, Bushes & Shrubs, Trees
• Lichens & Mosses, Rocks, Trees, Bushes & Shrubs 
• Trees, Bushes and Shrubs, Lichens & Mosses, Lichens & Mosses
• Rocks, Grass, Trees, Bushes & Shrubs

Multiple Choice

What is the most important function of pioneer species?

• To create rocks
• To create soil and add nutrients to the environment 
• To look nice
• Food for animals 

Human Impact on Ground & Surface Water

Vocabulary

• Surface Water = pond, lake, stream, ocean

• Watershed = streams, rivers that all drain into a larger body of water such as a larger river, or an ocean.

• Water table = line that separates saturated & unsaturated

• Aquifer = full body of groundwater (contains it)

• 
  

Pollutants

• Oil Spills

• Factories

• Algae

• Gas Station -- Oil

• Landfills - waste

• Farm -- Pesticides, Fertilizer

• Livestock - waste

Multiple Select

Which factors are apart of agricultural pollution?

• Bacon

• Pesticides

• Manure

• Fertilizer

Multiple Choice

When fertilizers enter surface water, they cause problems in

the watershed by -

• increasing the amount of nutrients available to fish in lakes and streams.

• clogging narrow streams and preventing water from flowing properly.

• raising the water level in nearby rivers to levels leading to flooding.

• causing rapid algae growth that decrease oxygen levels and choke aquatic life.

Multiple Choice

Where is groundwater found?

• Cracks of rocks under the earth’s surface and soil pores

• In caves, streams, rivers, and oceans

• Falling rain water

• None of the above

Is this groundwater or surface water?

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Multiple Choice

The top of the groundwater’s zone of saturation - E

• Zone of Aeration
• Aquifer
• Surface water
• Water table

Multiple Choice

What is the best description of a water table?

• Line that separates the saturated zone from the unsaturated zone.

• Line that separates the surface water from the ground water.

• Table that lies under the ground that holds water.

• Water tables do not exist.

Multiple Choice

Saturated is...

• Wet

• Not wet

Multiple Choice

Unsaturated is...

• Wet

• Not wet

Multiple Choice

Using the picture shown above, what can happen to the fertilizer put on the lawn when runoff occurs?

• Nothing, it would stay on top of the lawn.

• It would run off into the storm drain and thus into streams, rivers, and lakes.

• It would be evaporated in the water cycle.

• It would get into the water system of the house.

Multiple Choice

What is a watershed?

• A shed with water.

• An underground system of water that flows from low to high elevations.

• An area of land which water flows from higher elevations to lower.

• When water evaporates from the earth’s surface.

What is this?

​

Is this point source or non-point source pollution?

​

Multiple Choice

The movement of colored water through the gravel best models

• condensation of water vapor

• pollution of ground water

• surface runoff of precipitation

• conservation of water