ESH CFE Review Day 1

ESH CFE Review Day 1

Multiple Choice

Which of the following shows the order of visible light from shortest wavelength to the longest wavelength?

• violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow. orange, red

• red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet

Multiple Choice

How are frequency, wavelength and energy related?

• As frequency increases wavelength and energy decrease.

• As frequency and energy increase wavelength decreases.

• As frequency and wavelength increase energy decreases.

• Frequency, wavelength and energy are not related.

Multiple Choice

The type of wave with the shortest wavelength and highest frequency.  This type of wave is extremely harmful.

• radio
• infrared
• gamma
• x ray

Multiple Choice

A wave with a large wavelength will have a ______ frequency and _____ energy

• high, low
• high, high
• low, high
• low, low

Multiple Choice

Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum has high enough energy to cause damage to eyes and skin, and sometimes even cancer?

• infrared light

• visible light

• ultraviolet light

• microwaves

Multiple Choice

If the wavelength of an electromagnetic wave is longer, what is true about the energy? 

• Energy is higher.
• Energy is lower. 
• Energy is not dependent on wavelength. 
• energy is cancelled out

Multiple Choice

Electromagnetic waves have many common applications. Which of the following options matches a type of electromagnetic radiation with a common application?

• Microwaves and tanning beds

• Infrared waves and cellphones

• Ultraviolet waves and weather radars

• Radio waves and broadcast communications.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following BEST compares and contrasts electromagnetic radiation?

• Each type of electromagnetic radiation has different frequencies but each have similar energy.

• Each type of electromagnetic radiation has different wavelengths but each have similar frequencies.

• Each type of electromagnetic radiation travels at the same speed but have different wavelengths.

• Each type of electromagnetic radiation travels at different speeds but have the same wavelengths.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following identifies a type of electromagnetic radiation with a higher frequency than microwaves but a lower frequency than ultraviolet waves?

• x-rays

• radiowaves

• Visible light

• Gamma rays

Multiple Choice

Which correctly sequences the waves of the electromagnetic spectrum from greatest energy to lowest?

• Radio waves, microwaves, x-rays

• microwaves, radio waves, ultraviolet waves,

• x-rays, visible light waves, microwaves

• visible light waves, ultraviolet waves, microwaves

Multiple Choice

The distance between two successive wave crests is the _____________________ of a wave.

• amplitude

• velocity

• wavelength

• period

Multiple Choice

There are no X-ray telescopes on Earth because

• they are too expensive to build

• we can't figure out how to direct an X-ray beam through space

• X-rays don't penetrate Earth's atmosphere

• there are no astronomical objects that emit X-rays

Multiple Choice

There are no radio telescopes in space because

• no one has built an antenna large enough to reach astronomical objects yet

• there is too much radio noise in space, so a radio telescope won't work out there

• radio waves penetrate Earth's atmosphere so there is no need to put one in space

• you need an array, like the VLA to detect ANY radio radiation, so it is just not realistic to put an entire array in space

Multiple Choice

X-ray telescopes are located in orbit around the Earth because

• X-ray telescopes are cheap and easy to launch into space.

• there are too many X-ray telescopes on Earth, so now they are put in space.

• X-rays don't reach the surface of Earth.

• the X-rays that come out of the telescopes are dangerous to humans.

Multiple Choice

The shorter a wave's wavelength, the greater its energy.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

The shorter a wave's wavelength, the greater its energy.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

What object is launched into orbit and designed to send and receive information?

• Rocket

• Satellite

• Telescope

• Rover

Multiple Choice

Which tool allows scientists to take pictures of very distant objects such as other galaxies, stars, and planets?

• Magnifying Glass

• Space Shuttle

• Telescope

• Periscope

Multiple Choice

Infrared light cannot be seen, but can be:

• heard as a beeping

• felt as heat

• tasted like bananas

• smelled like a rose

Multiple Choice

What forms of EM are filtered by our atmosphere?

• infrared, visible and ultraviolet.

• ultraviolet, x-ray and gamma ray.

• visible, ultraviolet and x-ray.

• microwave, infrared and visible.

Multiple Choice

Why do space telescopes take better pictures?

• They are higher up.

• They can take pictures even during the day.

• They are outside the Earth's atmosphere.

• The light from the Sun is blocked by the shadow of the Earth.

Multiple Choice

As part of the modern theory of the origins of the elements, it is hypothesized that before the formation of the stars, most of the matter in the universe consisted of what atoms?

• hydrogen and helium
• nitrogen and carbon
• silicon and lithium
• uranium and radium

Multiple Choice

Why do red-shifted light spectrums from neighboring galaxies  indicate the universe is expanding?

• Red light has the shortest wavelength on the visible light spectrum
• Red light has the longest wavelength on the visible light spectrum
• Red light has both long and short wavelengths on the visible light spectrum
• Red light has neither long, not short wavelengths on the visible light spectrum

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the best description of the Big Bang Theory?

• The Big Bang Theory is the prevailing model about the universe’s origin and is supported by observations of the universe’s expansion.
• The Big Bang Theory is just one of the ideas about the universe’s origin, many of which are equally respected by the scientific community.
• The Big Bang Theory states that pre-existing matter was compacted into a hot and dense form and suddenly exploded into infinite, empty space.
• The Big Bang Theory is the scientific explanation of how the Sun, Earth, and the rest of the Solar System were formed at the beginning of time.

Multiple Choice

How did the discovery of Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation support the Big Bang Theory?

• It suggests that Hydrogen and Helium were the first elements to form.
• It confirms the age of the Earth to be around 5 billion years old.
• It supports the idea that the universe used to be hotter.
• It demonstrates that the universe continues to expand.

Multiple Choice

What is the CMBR

• The shape of the universe
• The first primordial elements
• Red shifted galaxies
• Leftover heat from the Big Bang 

Multiple Choice

What instrument has allowed us to look deep into space to observe things far away that give us hints to the past?

• The Hubble telescope

• The Eiffel Tower

• Binkley's barometer

• The Smith Space Balloon

Multiple Choice

Which description is considered most accurate regarding what actually happened during the Big Bang?

• Two galaxies collided causing an immense explosion as stars crashed into one another

• All of what would become the universe was concentrated in a single small point, or singularity, which rapidly expanded into what is now stars, planets, galaxies, matter, and energy.

• All matter emerged from a massive black hole at the center of the universe.

• Parts of the sun were ripped off by massive internal explosions and were thrown into space where they cooled to become other things, like plants, comets, and other galaxies.

Multiple Choice

Our theory of the universe was confirmed by the discovery of:

• fusion.
• cosmic microwave background radiation.
• the Andromeda galaxy.
• the Doppler effect.

Multiple Choice

How does Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation support the Big Band Theory?

• Microwaves are found everywhere in the universe.

• Microwaves occurred at the time of the Big Bang

• Microwaves are useful in our everyday lives

• Only A & B

Multiple Choice

Light emitted from a star or galaxy can be separated into a band of colors, called a ________.

• Red Shift

• Wave Length

• Spectrum

• Microwave

Multiple Choice

Most scientists believe the Big Bang Theory explains which of the following questions?

• How our planets and moons formed

• How our universe began

• How the sun turns hydrogen into helium

• How fast light travels through space

Multiple Choice

A galaxy is at a of one billion light years. Which of the following is true?

• We see the galaxy the way it will be in one billion years.

• We see the galaxy the way it was one billion years ago.

• We see the galaxy the way it was when the Universe was one billion years old

• We see what our galaxy will be like in one billion years.

Multiple Choice

According to Hubble's Law, more rapidly moving galaxies are now

• closer to us

• accelerating rapidly

• further away from us

• being pulled into black holes

Multiple Choice

Thought to be leftover thermal energy from the "big bang" that fills the entire universe.

• Redshift

• Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation

• Hubble's Law

• Doppler Effect

Multiple Choice

A change in the wavelength that results from a moving object emitting sound.

• Hubble's Law

• Redshift

• Doppler Effect

• Electromagnetic Spectrum

Multiple Choice

True or False: The universe is expanding.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

How old do scientists think the Universe is?

• 13.8 billion years old
• 4.5 billion years old
• 24,000 years old
• 5 years old

Multiple Choice

Which statement is true?

• The galaxies are moving toward us.

• The galaxies are moving away from us.

• The universe remains static or unchanged in motion.

• None of the above

Multiple Choice

Most scientists believe the Big Bang Theory explains which of the following questions?

• How our planets and moons formed

• How our universe began

• How the sun turns hydrogen into helium

• How fast light travels through space

Multiple Choice

The vast majority of galaxies in our universe are moving away from us.  We know this because we observe __________ in the galaxies absorption spectra.

• Redshift
• Blueshift
• Turbulance
• Superposition

Multiple Choice

If a star is being observed from Earth and it's light has shifted towards the red side of the electromagnetic spectrum it would be...

• Moving towards the Earth
• Moving away from the Earth
• This is a trick question that cannot be answered
• It isn't a star, it is a very large blueberry.

Multiple Choice

If a star is being observed from Earth and it's light has shifted towards the blue side of the electromagnetic spectrum it would be...

• Moving towards the Earth
• Moving away from the Earth
• This is a trick question that cannot be answered
• It isn't a star, it is a very large blueberry.

Multiple Choice

What best describes the doppler effect?

• An apparent change in frequency of a wave due to the relative motion between a wave source and an observer
• When sound changes pitch
• When light changes color
• An apparent change in the amplitude of a wave due to the relative motion between a wave source and an observer.

Multiple Choice

The category that contains the most stars is...

• Main Sequence
• Supergiants
• Giants

Multiple Choice

Compared to the rest of the stars, our sun is considered...

• Extremely Large and Cold
• Small with a medium temperature
• Medium size with medium temperature

Multiple Choice

After billions of years go by, a white dwarf will cool into a burt out cinder. This remnant is know as....

• a black hole

• a white dwarf

• a black dwarf

• a dwarf planet

Multiple Choice

When a supernova collapses, it can squeeze electrons and protons together into which type of star.

• neutron star

• white dwarf

• black dwarf

• main sequence

Multiple Choice

A small dense star that forms when a low-mass star runs out of nuclear fuel is called....

• neutron star

• white dwarf

• planetary nebula

• protostar

Multiple Choice

WHich leads directly to the formation of a black hole?

• neutron star

• planetary nebula

• supernova

• main sequence star

Multiple Choice

In which phase does the core of a massive star have so much gravity that even light can't escape it?

• supernova

• black hole

• black dwarf

• neutron star

Multiple Choice

An early stage in the formation of a star before nuclear fusion begins is called....

• protostart

• supernova

• neutron star

• black hole

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the correct order of the life cycle of our star the Sun?

• main sequence, red giant, white dwarf

• main sequence, white dwarf, red giant

• white dwarf, main sequence, red giant

• main sequence, red giant, supernova

Multiple Choice

Which process takes place in stars which combine lighter elements into heavier ones?

• nuclear fission

• atomic fission

• nuclear fusion

• nuclear blending

Multiple Choice

In about 5 billion years, our sun will grow 100 times its size into its next stage called a...

• supernova

• neutron star

• white dwarf

• red giant

Multiple Choice

Which is the stage where a high mass star explodes and releases a lot of energy?

• Red Supergiant

• Supernova

• Black Hole

• Main sequence

Multiple Choice

Stars are mostly made of which two elements?

• hydrogen and helium

• hydrogen and oxygen

• Nitrogen and helium

• helium and oxygen

Multiple Choice

A big cloud of dust and gas where all stars begin their life cycle is called....

• ASolar System

• A Galaxy

• A Nebula

• Universe

Multiple Choice

Which stars in the diagram are the coolest?

• white dwarfs

• super giants

• the stars in the upper left corner on the main sequence

• there is no way to know from the diagram

Multiple Choice

Which stars in the diagram are the coolest?

• white dwarfs

• super giants

• the stars in the upper left corner on the main sequence

• there is no way to know from the diagram