Biology Semester 1 Credit Recovery

Biology Semester 1 Credit Recovery

Chemistry of Living Things, Energy for Life, DNA & Protein Synthesis, Cell Division, Homeostasis

Watch the embedded videos and answer the questions. You need an 80% to get credit back in this class.

Multiple Choice

Why do we care about valence electrons?

• They provide energy for living things

• They participate in chemical reactions

• They give out passing grades in Biology

• We don't

Multiple Choice

Most elements in the upper half of the periodic table are most stable with ____ valence electrons.

• 6

• 15

• 8

• 12

Multiple Select

Select ALL that are correct: Carbon can bond with

• 1 thing, using a quadruple bond

• 2 things, using two double bonds or one single bond and a triple bond

• 3 things, using 2 single bonds and 1 double

• 4 things, using 4 single bonds

Multiple Choice

Carbon makes and breaks bonds

• very easily, like a middle schooler making new friends every week and ditching old ones

• not easily at all, like two old ladies at a cafe who've been best friends since elementary

Multiple Choice

Substances that are composed of large amounts of carbon are

• organic compounds.

• inorganic compounds.

Multiple Choice

Living and once-living things are made mostly of

• organic compounds.

• inorganic compounds.

Multiple Choice

Carbon makes and breaks bonds

• very easily, like a middle schooler making new friends every week and ditching old ones

• not easily at all, like two old ladies at a cafe who've been best friends since elementary

Multiple Choice

Water is a universal solvent because it...

• It can be found anywhere
• It freezes when it gets cold
• floats when frozen
• Dissolves most substances

Multiple Choice

When water molecules stick easily to other water molecules, this is called what?

• cohesion
• adhesion
• solution
• polar molecule

Multiple Choice

What word describes when water is attracted to other substances?

• cohesion
• adhesion
• capillary action
• surface tension

Multiple Choice

When a molecule has an opposite electrical charge on each end, it is known as what?

• cohesion
• polar molecule
• hydrogen bond
• solution

Multiple Choice

Which end of the water molecule has a slightly positive charge?

• the oxygen end
• the hydrogen end
• both ends are slightly positive
• neither end is positive

Multiple Choice

In a water molecule the hydrogen and oxygen atoms hold together by sharing _________.

• protons 
• neutrons
• electrons
• nuclei

Multiple Select

Water exists in this forms :

• Gas

• Plasma

• Liquid

• Solid

Multiple Choice

Cohesive force between water molecules and adhesive force between water molecules and other molecules enable this phenomenon __________________ occur.

• surface tension

• capillary action

• float on water

• photosynthesis

Multiple Choice

Surface tension of the water is the cohesive force between water molecule on the surface of water.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Mrs. Bowers' favorite biological molecule is _____. (Hint: She loves bread, potatoes, rice, etc.)

• proteins.

• carbohydrates.

• nucleic acids

• lipids.

Multiple Choice

A large molecule made up of many similar or identical subunits.

• lipids
• polymer
• monomer
• monosaccharide

Multiple Choice

Carbohydrates broken down into smaller molecules for what purpose?

• to form cell membranes
• to form muscle
• to transmit genetic information
• to provide energy

Multiple Choice

A type of biological molecule that includes fats, oils, hormones, waxes, and components of cellular membranes is...

• lipids
• proteins
• carbohydrates
• nucleic acids

Multiple Choice

What group of biological molecules contains DNA and RNA...

• Nucleic acids
• carbohydrates
• proteins
• lipids

Multiple Choice

A biological polymer that stores and transmits genetic information is a ...

• nucleic acid
• carbohydrate
• lipid
• protein

Multiple Choice

A group of organic molecules that includes sugars, starch, and cellulose care called...

• proteins
• carbohydrates
• nucleic acids
• lipids

Multiple Choice

A biological polymer made of amino acid monomers is a 

• protein
• lipid
• carbohydrate
• nucleic acid

Multiple Choice

What are the four biological molecules?

• proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids
• A, T, C, G
• water, air, earth, and fire

Multiple Choice

The bonds linking amino acids are called

• Peptide bonds
• Glycosidic bonds
• Ester bonds

Multiple Choice

What two molecules make up a lipid?

• glycogen and fatty acids
• alpha and beta glucose
• glycogen and amino acids

Multiple Choice

The purpose of cellular respiration is to 

• make water
• make ATP
• make glucose
• make  oxygen

Multiple Choice

What are the reactants of cellular respiration?

• glucose & carbon dioxide
• glucose & oxygen
• water & oxygen
• water & carbon dioxide

Multiple Choice

The more CO2 in the air, the faster photosynthesis can occur

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

What are the parts of the ATP molecule?

• adenine, thylakoids, stroma
• stroma, grana, chlorophyll
• adenine, ribose, phosphate groups
• NADH, NAHPH, FADH

Multiple Choice

Which of these organisms produce ATP through cellular respiration?

• Plants

• Animals

• Both

• Neither

Multiple Choice

What molecule absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis?

• chloroplast
• thylakoid
• grana
• chlorophyll

Multiple Choice

Plants need carbon dioxide from their environment to produce glucose during which stage of photosynthesis? 

• The light-dependent stage
• The light-independent stage 
• The electron transport chain
• ATP formation

Multiple Choice

Energy is released from ATP when

• a phosphate group is added
• adenine bonds to ribose
• ATP is exposed to sunlight
• a phosphate group is removed

Multiple Choice

What is asparagus?

• autotroph

• heterotroph

Multiple Choice

What is a lion?

• autotroph

• heterotroph

Multiple Choice

What is an autotroph?

• an organism that can make their own food. 
• an organism that cannot make their own food
• Herbivore
• Omnivore

Multiple Choice

Organisms that cannot make their own food and must obtain energy from external sources are called

• autotrophs
• heterotrophs
• thylakoids
• plants

Multiple Choice

Photosythesis happens in a cell's 

• Mitochondria
• Chloroplast
• Nucleus
• Cell Wall

Multiple Choice

Cellular respiration happens in a cell's

• Mitochondria
• Chloroplast
• Nucleus
• Cell wall

Multiple Choice

One molecule given off by plants during photosynthesis is

• Carbon dioxide
• Water
• Oxygen
• Mitochondria

Multiple Choice

The process of converting sunlight energy into chemical energy stored in a molecule is called

• Cellular respiration
• Photosynthesis
• Mitochondria
• Carbon dioxide

Multiple Choice

The process that converts food (glucose) into energy is called

• Cellular Respiration
• Photosynthesis
• Chloroplast
• Carbon dioxide

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the process of reading mRNA code to produce a protein?

• replication
• translation
• transcription

Multiple Choice

a 3 nucleotide sequence of tRNA

• codon
• anticodon

Multiple Choice

A 3 nucleotide sequence of mRNA

• codon
• anticodon

Multiple Choice

Why do we need proteins?

• To taste good
• Everything is made of or by them
• Do digest our food
• to make pizza

Multiple Choice

What stores the code for making an individual protein?

• DNA
• a gene
• a chromosome
• transfer RNA

Multiple Choice

What is made during translation?

• transfer RNA
• messenger RNA
• Proteins
• Spanish Rice

Multiple Choice

What is assembled during transcription?

• transfer RNA
• messenger RNA
• DNA replication
• court proceedings

Multiple Choice

How many base pairs would be needed to chain together 3 amino acids?

• 3
• 6
• 9
• 12

Multiple Choice

What 3 things make up a nucleotide?

• Sugar, Phosphate, Nitrogen Base
• Sugar, Hydrogen, Carbon
• Carbon, Phosphate, Nitrogen
• mRNA, tRNA and rRNA

Multiple Choice

In class, we learned about DNA and protein synthesis through the lens of cystic fibrosis. Which best describes what we learned?

• A change to an individual's DNA causes a change in their proteins, which results in sticky mucus.

• A change to an individual's proteins causes a mutation to their DNA, which results in sticky mucus.

• A change in mucus consistency causes a mutation to DNA, which changes the individual's proteins.

Multiple Choice

The word root "homo" or "homeo" means

• different

• the same

What is Homeostasis?

• Keeping internal body systems stable even during changes in the environment

• All organisms need specific conditions to function

• Our bodies naturally work to keep us stable and safe

Multiple Choice

Negative Feedback Loops:

• amplify processes
• prevent small changes from getting larger
• are initiated during childbirth
• are found only in plants

Multiple Choice

The ultimate cause of death

• Over Heating

• Diabetes

• Bad Hair

• Loss of Homeostasis

Multiple Choice

Negative Feedback Loops:

• amplify processes
• prevent small changes from getting larger
• are initiated during childbirth
• are found only in plants

Multiple Choice

The group of organisms that use the process of homeostasis includes

• mammals, only

• animals, only

• plants and animals

• all living things

Multiple Choice

Homeostasis

• allows for a wildly fluctuating internal environment
• is impossible in vertebrates
• is the maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment and often incorporates a form of feedback regulation
• is the maintenance of a relatively stable external environment and often incorporates a form of feedback regulation

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of positive feedback?

• Thermoregulation

• Blood Pressure

• Childbirth

• Blood Sugar Levels

Multiple Choice

What does homeostasis mean?

• Temperature
• Water
• Cells
• Steady state

Multiple Choice

____________________ helps warm the human body when we are cold.

• sweating

• shivering

• inhaling oxygen

• exhaling carbon dioxide

Multiple Choice

Which body system controls the body to maintain homeostasis?

• excretory

• nervous

• circulatory

• skeletal

Multiple Choice

Which type of cell division produces two identical, diploid daughter cells?

• mitosis

• meiosis

Multiple Choice

When you get an injury, which type of cell division makes exact copies of your existing cells in order to repair the injury?

• mitosis

• meiosis

Multiple Choice

Which type of cell division makes sex cells?

• mitosis

• meiosis

Multiple Choice

Meiosis makes each of your sex cells different from each other.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Why are your sex cells different from each other?

• Crossover during meiosis I

• Separation of homologous pairs during meiosis I

• Cytokinesis during meiosis II

Multiple Choice

Why are your sex cells haploid instead of diploid?

• Crossover during meiosis I

• Separation of homologous pairs during meiosis I

• Cytokinesis during meiosis II