The rest of the 19th century!

The rest of the 19th century!

a very abbreviated journey

List of topics that deserve more time

• American Indian relations

• "The Gilded Age"

• Money problems (what metal??)

• Presidents 19-26

• American Imperialism (Hawaii, Spanish-American War)

We don't have much time left!

Let's rush through some important people and topics

American Indian relations

• lowest point during the late 19th century

• federal gov fighting multiple wars on the frontier until the 1920's

• semi-official genocide in California

• Indian nations forced into smaller territories = reservations

• Indian children taken from parents and put into American culture schools

Indian boarding schools

• Children on reservations were often forced into boarding schools away from their families

• given Anglo-American names and forced to use English only

• Forbidden to practice traditional religion or contact parents

• “Kill the Indian, Save the Man”

Multiple Choice

When were American Indians legally recognized as American citizens?

• 1924 -- Snyder Act

• 1919 -- after WW1

• 1887 -- Dawes Act

• never -- they are only citizens of tribal nations

Multiple Choice

When were American Indians granted full parental rights of their children?

• 1924 -- Snyder Act

• 1978 -- Indian Child Welfare Act

• 1887 -- Dawes Act

• never -- Children born on reservations are considered wards of the state

"The Gilded Age"

• period of time where American culture and economy gets richer, but introduces new, significant problems with inequality and corruption

• Origin of an American consumer mass culture

• "Golden age" -- period of peace, prosperity, and happiness

• "Gilded" -- covered in gold

• Cartoon: 19th century multimillionaires were criticized for their great political power

Multiple Choice

What is "mass culture?"

• media and products made for Catholic Mass

• media and products that celebrate gravity

• a community for building muscle mass

• consumption of media and products creating a cultural identity

Multiple Choice

What is a political machine?

• a self-regulating voting system

• corrupt political clubs that rewarded supporters with gov jobs and power

• a group of non-aligned voters trying to overturn a political party

Big political fights in this era

• Should the gov help businesses owners or workers?

• Who is allowed to enter as an immigrant?

• Should the federal gov support black civil rights or let the Southern states oppress them?

• Should money be backed in gold, silver, both, or neither?

The metal money debate is much more complex

You will probably learn more details about this fight and its consequences in AP US history

list o' presidents

#19-#26

#19 Rutherford B. Hayes

• abolitionist lawyer from Ohio

• promoted to general during the Civil War

• Radical Republican in Congress

• sided with business leaders against workers

#20 James Garfield

• Radical Republican from Ohio

• promoted to general during the Civil War

• planned to protect black civil rights, reform gov jobs to weaken corruption, and build alliances with American countries

• murdered by a delusional man who believed Garfield owed him a gov job

#21 Chester Alan Arthur

• Radical Republican from Vermont

• rumored to have been born in Canada

• quartermaster general (logistics) for NY state militia during Civil War

• Worked with corrupt political machines

• Pushed for anti-corruption reforms as president

#22 and #24 Grover Cleveland

• NY lawyer and Democratic politician

• paid a Polish immigrant to take his place in the Union army

• won popular vote in 1884, 1888, and 1892

• known for being anti-corruption, pro-business, and fiscal conservatism (gov doesn't spend much money)

#23 Benjamin Harrison

• grandson of William Henry Harrison

• Radical Republican from Ohio

• promoted to general during Civil War

• tried to get gov spending for black education and voting rights

• successful in expanding Navy and veterans' welfare

#25 William McKinley

• Moderate Republican from Ohio

• Last president to serve in the Civil War (promoted to major)

• Prioritized Southern white political alliances over black civil rights

• Big supporter of gold money and high tariffs

• Murdered by an anarchist a few months into his second term

#26 Theodore Roosevelt

• Youngest American president (42)

• started gov conservation efforts

• pro-consumer and pro-worker -- fought against corrupt big business

• started gov regulation of food and drugs

• promoted America as a rich, powerful military empire

Multiple Select

Assassinated presidents

• James Garfield

• Chester Alan Arthur

• Grover Cleveland

• William McKinley

Multiple Select

Radical Republicans

• James Garfield

• Rutherford B. Hayes

• Benjamin Harrison

• Grover Cleveland

Multiple Select

What does a gold standard for money mean?

• Gold must have a fixed price related to silver

• Money must be based on a fixed amount of gold

• Gov can set price of gold

American Imperialism

• Under TR, America begins to push around other countries and take land (cartoon)

• Alaska (1867); some Caribbean and Pacific islands (1860's-90's); Hawaii (1898); Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines (1898), part of Cuba (1903), Panama Canal (1904)

• More territories bought/seized in the 20th century

Multiple Choice

How does the US acquire Alaska?

• American businesses overthrow the monarchy and ask to be annexed

• Purchased from colonial empire

• Native citizens overthrow the monarchy and ask to be annexed

• American newspapers invent an excuse to attack the colonial empire holding it/them

Multiple Choice

How does the US acquire Hawaii?

• American businesses overthrow the monarchy and ask to be annexed

• Purchased from colonial empire

• Native citizens overthrow the monarchy and ask to be annexed

• American newspapers invent an excuse to attack the colonial empire holding it/them

Multiple Choice

How does the US acquire Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines?

• American businesses overthrow the monarchy and ask to be annexed

• Purchased from colonial empire

• Native citizens overthrow the monarchy and ask to be annexed

• American newspapers invent an excuse to attack the colonial empire holding it/them