Tuesday 5/18

Tuesday 5/18

Skeletal System

WARNING! GRADED WORK!

The text slides come straight from Discovery Education. Feel free to use Discovery to refer back to the text as you are answering the questions. The questions will give you a grade for your work for the day. In fact, you should be on Discovery so you can click on the words you don't know to learn their definitions.

The Skeletal System

The skeletal system is a vital system to the human body. It makes it possible for humans to stand and walk upright. Similar to the metal frame of a skyscraper, this system provides a framework for our bodies, giving it shape and support. The skeletal system consists of bones, cartilage (the tough and flexible material that covers the ends where bones meet) and ligaments (connect the ends of bones together) found throughout the body. By the time humans are adults, their skeletal system will consist of 206 bones that work together to help them survive the rigors of life on Earth. Without a skeletal system, humans might resemble a pile of jelly.

Multiple Choice

The skeletal system

• controls the body

• breaks down the food we eat

• supports the body

• takes in oxygen for the body

Multiple Choice

Which is NOT part of the skeletal system

• bones

• cartilage

• ligaments

• lungs

Multiple Choice

How many bones are in an adult skeleton?

• 45

• 138

• 206

• 397

Go to youtube. Search "sci show kids skeleton" Select "Your Super Skeleton!"

Multiple Choice

Adults have more bones than babies

• true

• false

Multiple Choice

bones are alive

• true

• false

Multiple Choice

ribs protect your

• brain

• bladder

• lungs

• skin

Multiple Choice

your skull protects your

• brain

• ears

• heart

• liver

Multiple Choice

Why do babies have fewer bones than adults?

• the bones disappear

• they don't

• doctors remove their bones

• the bones fuse together

Multiple Choice

The only thing the skeletal system does is protect your organs

• true

• false

Functions

The skeletal system performs five major functions. Two of these functions provide structure to the human body.

1 - the skeletal system serves as the frame of the body, or the skeleton. All internal and external body parts are situated around this skeleton.

2 - the skeletal system works in tandem with the muscular system to allow the body to move in a smooth, efficient manner. Bones are attached to other bones by ligaments, which are a type of muscle tissue. This tissue allows bones to be moved in a variety of ways, allowing people to walk, chew, bend, and run.

Multiple Choice

Which would happen if the skeleton didn't act as the frame of the body?

• People would not be able to hold themselves up and would fall on the ground as a blob of flesh

• The body would be at constant risk of damage to organs such as the heart, lungs, and brain.

• Movements such as running or walking would be impossible to do because there would be no place for the muscle’s tendons to attach and there would be no joints to allow for movement.

• Oxygen would not be carried through the blood because without bones, no red blood cells would be produced. Blood clotting and protection against pathogens would not take place.

• Minerals could not be regulated or stored. The body’s acid–base balance and transmission of nerve impulses would all be affected by a lack of mineral regulation.

Multiple Choice

Which would happen if the skeleton didn't act together with the muscular system?

• People would not be able to hold themselves up and would fall on the ground as a blob of flesh

• The body would be at constant risk of damage to organs such as the heart, lungs, and brain.

• Movements such as running or walking would be impossible to do because there would be no place for the muscle’s tendons to attach and there would be no joints to allow for movement.

• Oxygen would not be carried through the blood because without bones, no red blood cells would be produced. Blood clotting and protection against pathogens would not take place.

• Minerals could not be regulated or stored. The body’s acid–base balance and transmission of nerve impulses would all be affected by a lack of mineral regulation.

Functions continued

Three other functions of the skeletal system focus on protecting the human body and helping it maintain homeostasis.

3 - some bones protect vital organs, such as the brain, heart, liver, and lungs. For example, the rib cage and sternum help ensure that the heart and lungs are less vulnerable to being damaged. The skull helps protect the brain from being hurt or damaged, and the vertebrae that comprise the backbone protect the spinal cord.

Multiple Choice

Which would happen if the skeleton didn't protect the body?

• People would not be able to hold themselves up and would fall on the ground as a blob of flesh

• The body would be at constant risk of damage to organs such as the heart, lungs, and brain.

• Movements such as running or walking would be impossible to do because there would be no place for the muscle’s tendons to attach and there would be no joints to allow for movement.

• Oxygen would not be carried through the blood because without bones, no red blood cells would be produced. Blood clotting and protection against pathogens would not take place.

• Minerals could not be regulated or stored. The body’s acid–base balance and transmission of nerve impulses would all be affected by a lack of mineral regulation.

Functions continued

To help the body maintain homeostasis, the skeletal system also provides the following additional functions:

4 - It produces red blood cells that carry oxygen throughout the body. It also produces white blood cells and platelets that protect the body from pathogens. Platelets form clots to heal damaged skin.

5 - It stores and regulates necessary minerals for your body, such as calcium, potassium, phosphorus, and sodium. These minerals are stored in the bone and help regulate body functions, such as blood clotting, acid and base balance, and nerve transmission.

Multiple Choice

Which would happen if the skeleton didn't produce red blood cells?

• People would not be able to hold themselves up and would fall on the ground as a blob of flesh

• The body would be at constant risk of damage to organs such as the heart, lungs, and brain.

• Movements such as running or walking would be impossible to do because there would be no place for the muscle’s tendons to attach and there would be no joints to allow for movement.

• Oxygen would not be carried through the blood because without bones, no red blood cells would be produced. Blood clotting and protection against pathogens would not take place.

• Minerals could not be regulated or stored. The body’s acid–base balance and transmission of nerve impulses would all be affected by a lack of mineral regulation.

Multiple Choice

Which would happen if the skeleton didn't store minerals?

• People would not be able to hold themselves up and would fall on the ground as a blob of flesh

• The body would be at constant risk of damage to organs such as the heart, lungs, and brain.

• Movements such as running or walking would be impossible to do because there would be no place for the muscle’s tendons to attach and there would be no joints to allow for movement.

• Oxygen would not be carried through the blood because without bones, no red blood cells would be produced. Blood clotting and protection against pathogens would not take place.

• The body’s acid–base balance and transmission of nerve impulses would all be affected by a lack of mineral regulation.

What are bones?

Bones are the most essential component of the skeletal system. Although humans are born with more than 300 bones, some bones eventually fuse together and grow larger as people age, forming the 206 bones that most of us have as adults. The majority of these bones are located in the hands and feet. Bones are comprised, in part, of the mineral calcium phosphate. Because of this mineral combination, bones are classified as hard tissue. Many bones actually start off as cartilage and then ossify, or turn into bone as time progresses.

Multiple Choice

what is "tissue"?

• a group of cells that works together to carry out a particular task in an organism

• organs that make up a skeleton

• a durable, flexible material that makes up the skeletons of some animals and is found in various places on the human body

• an element; a nutrient that most living things need

Multiple Choice

what is "bone"?

• a group of cells that works together to carry out a particular task in an organism

• organs that make up a skeleton

• a durable, flexible material that makes up the skeletons of some animals and is found in various places on the human body

• an element; a nutrient that most living things need

Multiple Choice

what is "cartilage"?

• a group of cells that works together to carry out a particular task in an organism

• organs that make up a skeleton

• a durable, flexible material that makes up the skeletons of some animals and is found in various places on the human body

• an element; a nutrient that most living things need

Multiple Choice

what is "calcium"?

• a group of cells that works together to carry out a particular task in an organism

• organs that make up a skeleton

• a durable, flexible material that makes up the skeletons of some animals and is found in various places on the human body

• an element; a nutrient that most living things need

Multiple Choice

What part of your body has the most bones?

• head

• ears

• hands and feet

• chest

Open Ended

Write one thing you learned today.