Research Design

Research Design

before actual construction of a building or structure, engineers and achitects in charge of the project prepare a plan or a blueprint.

What is research design?

• is the process of structuring techniques and strategies that help researchers solve their problems or answer their inquiry.

• This may entail detailed data gathering procedures that leads to the fulfillment of the research goals.

Approaches to Qualitative Inquiry

• Ethnography- involves studying a particular group or population in the natural setting or in their habitat.

• Grounded Theory- is commonly used to elicit different ideas, opinions, or beliefs from the respondents when a unified theoretical explanation is needed about an event, an action, or a process that fits the situation or actual work in practice.

Approaches to Qualitative Inquiry

• Case study- is done when a researcher would want to know the deeper details about certain situation, event, activity, process, and even a group of individuals.

• Phenomenology- describes the common meaning of several individuals' lived experiences about phenomenon.

• Historical approach- is a systematic collection and evaluation of information, which may include documents, stories, and artifacts to describe, explain, and eventually understand events and actions that happended in the past.

Steps in Selecting Appropriate Strategies

• Identify the specific strategy of inquiry that will be used.

• Provide some background information about the strategy, such as discipline, origin, applications, and definitions.

• Discuss why it is an appropriate strategy to use in the proposed study.

• Identify how the use of the strategy will be helpful as to the types of questions asked, the form of data collection, the steps of data analysis, and the final write-up.

Sampling

• after deciding which approach to use in a research study, it is now time to decide where or from whom to collect the needed data.

• To do this, some important terminologies must be first defined. What is a population? How about a sample?

• Population-is the complete group of persons, animals, or objects that possess the same characteristics that are the researchers' interest.

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2 Types of Population

• Target population- is made up of all research elements that the researcher would want his/her findings to be generalized to.

• Accessible population- is a group of research within which the research respondents will be taken from.

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Advantage of Sampling

• It saves time, effort, and resources

• It minimizes casualties

• It paves the way for thorough investigation

• It allows easy data handling, collection, and analysis

Sampling in Qualitative Research

• Extreme or deviant case sampling- focuses on highly unusual manifestation of the phenomenon of interest.

• Intensity sampling- involves information-rich cases that manifest the phenomenon intensely, but not extremely.

• Maximum variation sampling- selects a wide range of variation on dimensions of interest.

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Sampling in Qualitative Research

• Homogeneous Sampling- bringd together people of similar backgrounds and experiences.

• Typical case sampling- on what is typical, normal, and/or average.

• Critical case sampling- looks at cases that will produce critical information.

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