course 21 day 13

course 21 day 13

-ing clauses

At the same time

-ing clause (at the same time)

We use this for events that happened at the same time.

Example: One day, my laptop crashed opening a file.

-Ing clause (at the different times)

when one action happens before another action, we use having + past participle

Example: Having finished my homework, I turned the computer

off.

-ing clause

we use –ing clauses to express reasons and explanations for actions. Make sure you notice that an –ing clause contains an –ing participle.

example: Being very clumsy, I broke my brand-new cell phone.

Multiple Choice

Lily / break her digital camera / take a picture

• having lily break her digital camera take her picture.

• Lily broke her digital camera taking a picture.

Multiple Choice

Lily broke her digital camera taking a picture.

• similar event

• different events

Multiple Choice

My father / read an article about alternative energy / buy

an electric car

• Having read an article about alternative energy, my father bought an electric car.

• My father read an article about alternative energy buying an electric car.

Multiple Choice

Having read an article about alternative energy, my father bought an electric car.

• different event

• similar event

Multiple Choice

Judith / be a resourceful person / build her own radio

Different time:

• having a resourceful person, Judith built her own own radio station.

• Being a resourceful person, Judith built her own radio.

Multiple Choice

Being a resourceful person, Judith built her own radio.

• Different time

• Reason

Remember

You need to look at the context of your sentence to determine which -ing form is the correct one to use.

ask yourself

does it happened at the same time?

does it happened at different time?

is it a reason?