Exam 1 Review

BIOL 3314 Exam 1 Review

Today's Agenda

*Warm-up

*Interactive presentation

*Build your review

Poll

How do you feel today?

Poll

• Morning person

• Night owl

• I'm just a person

Poll

What is your go-to drink?

• Other

Poll

• Left

• Right

Poll

Is cereal a soup?

• Yes

• No

• Maybe

Poll

Pineapple on pizza?

Poll

How prepared do you feel for your first exam?

• Well prepared

• Somewhat prepared

• I need to review more

The Central Dogma

Multiple Choice

All of the following are components of the cell theory, except..

• All living things are made up of cells

• All cells contain DNA

• New cells come from preexisting cells

• Cells are the basic unit of life

Multiple Choice

What does the following picture represent?

• Nucleoside

• Nucleotide

• Amino acid

• Protein

DNA Replication

* Where does it start?

* What mediates it?

* What is the result?

Multiple Select

Select all that are true about DNA Polymerase

• Synthesize 5' to 3' direction only

• Add dNTPs to the 3' hydroxyl group of the growing chain

• Synthesize 3' to 5' direction only

• Cannot initiate synthesis de novo

Multiple Choice

What is meant by semiconservative replication?

• One strand from the parent DNA is maintained in the new copy

• A whole new DNA molecule duplicates, leaving the parent strand intact

• There is a mosaic pattern in each strand

• Newly replicated DNA molecule is different from the parent strand

Multiple Choice

Why can't DNA Polymerase initiate synthesis de novo?

• It actually can

• It needs a primer

• DNA strands are antiparallel

• mRNA is not processed

Multiple Choice

Since helicase opens up the DNA strands, what would be the result of helicase not working correctly?

• Normal replication

• Immediate stop of replication

• Slow replication

Multiple Choice

Which is the enzyme that ensures highly processive replication by making sure DNA Polymerase remains attached to the DNA?

• Telomerase

• SSB proteins

• Sliding clamp protein

• Helicase

Multiple Choice

The short segments of newly synthesized DNA making the lagging strand are called?

• ORI

• Okazaki fragments

• Lagging fragments

• Telomeres

Multiple Choice

DNA is synthesized in the ... direction, and read in the ... direction.

• 5' to 3, 5' to 3'

• 3' to 5', 3' to 3'

• 5' to 3', 3' to 5'

Transcription

* Where does it start?

* What mediates it?

* What is the result?

"Do Bring Harry"

* TFIID - binding to TATA

* TFIIB - brings RNA Polymerase

* TFIIH - 2 enzymes: helicase & kinase

Multiple Choice

The first step in transcription is binding to the TATA box, which is done by which factor?

• TFIIF

• TFIIB

• TFIIH

• TFIID

Multiple Choice

Where is the 3' end of this newly synthesized RNA?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

Unwinding of DNA to allow access to RNA Polymerase to the template strand is mediated by the same Helicase used in DNA replication.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Release of RNA Polymerase II to transition from initiation to elongation is a result of

• TFIIB

• TFIIH kinase activity

• TFIID

• TFIIH helicase activity

RNA Processing

* Splicing

* 5' cap

* 3' poly-A tail

Multiple Choice

The spliceosome makes these structures into lariats or loops and removes them from the pre-mRNA.

• Poly-A tail

• Exons

• Introns

• 5' cap

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not part of the spliceosome?

• U1

• U2

• U3

• U5

Multiple Select

What is the purpose of RNA Processing? (More than one answer may be correct)

• Recognition for the ribosome

• Shorten the RNA chain

• Form mature mRNA to allow it to exit the nucleus

Multiple Choice

One mRNA only codes for one polypeptide chain.

• True

• False

Translation

* Where does it start?

* What mediates it?

* What is the result?

Different types of RNA involved

• mRNA - "messenger" or template

• tRNA - "transfer" brings a.a to ribosome

• rRNA - "ribosomal"

rRNA catalyzes the bonds formed between a.a

Some important proteins to remember

• eIF4E - recognizes the 5' cap

• eIF2 - brings the tRNA w/ Methionine

• eEF1α - brings other a.a to elongate the chain

• eEF2 - "translocates" ribosome by one codon

Multiple Choice

Translation is mediated by...

• DNA Polymerase

• RNA Polymerase

• Poly-A Polymerase

• Ribosome

Multiple Choice

Which is the carboxy terminus?

• A

• B

• C

Multiple Choice

Proteins are synthesized in what direction?

• 5' to 3'

• Carboxy to amino terminus

• 3' to 5'

• Amino to carboxy terminus

Multiple Choice

Which one represents a charged tRNA?

• A

• B

• C

Multiple Choice

If a protein has 30 amino acids, how much GTP was used to make it?

• 30

• 60

• 32

• 62

Remember to take advantage of your learning style!

Poll

How do you feel about your exam after this review?

• Great, this was helpful!

• Okay

• This confused me

You got this!

• Please email me if you have any questions!

• Don't forget to take deep breaths during your exam, it helps!