NorthStar 4: Reading & Writing Review

NorthStar 4: Reading & Writing Review

Test Layout

• Part 1: Reading (reported speech)

• Part 2: Vocabulary family

• Part 3: Definitions

• Part 4: Synonyms

• Part 5:Concession Words

• Part 6: Writing

Reported Speech

Let's discuss

Reported Speech

• We use reported speech to report something that somebody has said - typically we change the verb tense (backshift or infinitive)

• Quoted Speech: "I am married."

  Reported Speech: He said that he was married.

• Three types of reported speech: Statements, Indirect Commands, WH- or Yes/No Questions

• Statements - use said/told + backshift

• Indirect Commands - use told/ask + infinitive

• Questions - ask + backshift (structure change)

Statement, Indirect Commands, Question Examples

• Statement Quoted: "I went shopping last week." - Monica

  Reported: Monica said that she had gone shopping last week.

• Statement Quoted: "I can swim very well." - Danny

  Reported: Danny said that he could swim very well.

• Indirect Command Quoted: "Do your homework." - My mother

  Reported: My mother told me to do my homework

• Indirect Command Quoted: "Don't go outside in the rain." - Andres

  Reported: Andres told me not to go outside in the rain.

• Question Quoted: "Where is the mall?" - Faby

  Reported: Faby asked me where the mall was.

• Question Quoted: "Are you home yet?" - Juan

  Reported: Juan asked me if I was home yet.

Backshifting Cheat Sheet

• Present Tense -> Past Tense -> Past Perfect Tense

• is/are/am -> was/were -> had been

• have/has --> had --> had had

• Present Progressive -> Past Progressive -> Past Perfect Progressive

• is/are/am fixing -> was/were fixing -> had been fixing

• Present Perfect -> Past perfect

• have seen -> had seen

Backshift Cheat Sheet - Modals

• will --> would

• can --> could

• must --> had to

• should --> should

• may --> might

Multiple Choice

"Do you have a driver's license?" she asked

• She asked me if I have a driver's license.

• She asked me if I had a driver's license.

• She asked me did you have a driver's license.

Multiple Choice

Peter said, "Tim went to the Stadium yesterday."

• Peter told me that he went to the Stadium yesterday.

• Peter told me that Tim went to the Stadium yesterday.

• Peter told me that he had gone to the Stadium yesterday.

Multiple Choice

The police officer said to us, "Where are you going?"

• The police officer asked us where we are going.

• The police officer asked us where were we going.

• The police officer asked us where we were going.

Open Ended

Report this sentence: "I don't like fast food."

Open Ended

Report this sentence:

Sam said, "I want to go to Cambridge".

Word Family!

Everyone's favorite topic!

Multiple Choice

Complete the word family:

Noun: N/A

Verb: slow

Adjective: slow

Adverb: ????

• slowly

• slower

• slowest

Multiple Choice

Complete the word family:

Noun: movement

Verb: ????

Adjective: moving

Adverb: movingly

• moved

• mowe

• move

Multiple Choice

Complete the word family:

Noun: joy

Verb: joy

Adjective: ????

Adverb: joyfully

• joy

• joyful

• joyed

Definitions

You'll have to write these ones out...

Words to know definitions of

• preservation

• logo

• eradicate

• joint

• adherents

Multiple Choice

Definition of:

adherents

• a person who is not truthful

• a person who is loyal to a group

• a person who helps others

Multiple Choice

Definition of:

eradicate

• to eliminate or destroy

• to erect something

• to cook a nice meal for your family and friends

Multiple Choice

Definition of:

logo

• the mcdonalds

• a symbol that is used to identify a company and that appears on its products

• a nice way to look at something

Synonyms: Words you should know!

• figure out

• dry up

• find out

• keep on

Multiple Choice

Synonym of:

find out

• leave alone

• neglect

• resolve

Multiple Choice

Synonym of:

keep on

• quit

• continue

• forgoe

Concession Words

although / despite the fact that / in spite of / even though / though

Concession Words

• Use concessions when expressing an opinion, where you need to support your opinion, BUT, at the same time, recognize and describe the opposing opinion

• Example:

  It is a good idea to get students to go out into the community although it can be frustrating to have to write about it.

• Writer's opinion: there may be problems with assignments relation to mandatory volunteering, but students should still be required to go out into the community

• Acknowledging the opposite view: Being forced to write about your voluteering takes awayf rom any benefit you may receive from it.

• Pages 176-177

Open Ended

Write sentences expressing your opinion for the following.

Use the concession words:

Buying a used car

Open Ended

Write sentences expressing your opinion for the following.

Use the concession words:

Getting married at 18 years old

Open Ended

Write sentences expressing your opinion for the following.

Use the concession words:

Eating fast food

You've finished the review!

Make sure you study :)