Ecosystem_INTEX_QA

EVS_CH5_QA

List the abiotic components of ecosystem.

Physical, inorganic and organic substance.

List the biotic components of ecosystem.

Producer, consumer and decomposers.

What role do decomposers play in an ecosystem?

They help in decomposing dead organic material and dead plants and animals therefore they are important for recycling of nutrients.

Mention two examples of

(i) natural ecosystem (ii) man made ecosystem.

(i) Pond, lake, forests, ocean

(ii) Agriculture, aquaculture

What are phytoplanktons?

Microscopic floating vegetation in an aquatic ecosystem.

Where will you search for the decomposers in a pond?

At the bottom of pond.

How do nektons differ from zooplanktons?

Zooplanktons are free floating and whereas nektons can aquatic animal can surim and narrgate.

From where do the fishes living at bottom of the pond get their food?

They get their food from plankton, roots from pond plants, larvae of insects, worms, and other small animals depending on their diet.

What is a food web?

Food web – Inter connected food chains of an area form a food web.

Give examples of an inverted pyramids

Pyramid of number in case of a tree or in a pond.

Which type of pyramid gives the true picture of trophic structure of an ecosystem?

Pyramid of energy

What is the 10% rule of energy transfer in a food chain?

10% rule is i.e. related to ecological efficiency and states that the amount of energy transferred at each tropic level is only 10% of the energy of the previous tropic level.

Give formula of Lindman’s efficiency.

Ingestion at tropic level t/ Ingestion at previous level * 100

What is the significance of studying food chains?

Food chain helps in studying feeding relationships between organisms.

*Food chain also helps us to know how much energy we gain by consuming which food.

*Food chain helps us to know energy flow from one trophic level to another trophic level.

What is a sedimentary cycle?

Sedimentary cycle It is a type of biogeochemical cycle where the main reservoir is lithosphere.

Give an example of gaseous cycle.

Nitrogen (N₂ ) and carbon

Why do forest acts as reservoir?

Forests trees have long life and therefore the carbon fixed by them cycles very slowly.

Name a symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacteria

Rhizobium

What is precipitation?

Condensation of water vapours to form clouds

What is precipitation?

Condensation of water vapours to form clouds

What is the 10% rule of energy transfer in a food chain?

10% rule is i.e. related to ecological efficiency and states that the amount of energy transferred at each tropic level is only 10% of the energy of the previous tropic level.