Syntax Part 2

Syntax Part 2

English Classes [LAFS.1112.L.2.3]

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What We Talk About

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•Conjunctions

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•Prepositions

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•Number expression

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•Sentence errors

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Multiple Choice

a word used to connect clauses or sentences or to coordinate words in the same clause

• Conjunctions

• Number Expression

• Modifies

• prepositions

Conjunctions

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•Words used to connect  clauses in a sentence

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• and

• or

• but

• nor

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Fill in the Blanks

The weather in Texas is hot,

it's known to get cold there as well.

Multiple Choice

a word governing, and usually preceding, a noun or pronoun and expressing a relation to another word or element in the clause

• fragments

• modifier

• sentence-construction

• prepositions

Prepositions

Words that precede or follow nouns, pronouns, or verbs that relate them to something else in the clause or sentence.

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Example: Harry needed to make sure he was correct in line.

in

that/which

to

for

with

on

Prepositions

More examples

•at

•from

•by

•about

•as

•on

•into

•like

•through

•between

•out

•against

•during

•without

•before

•under

•around

•among

Fill in the Blanks

Complete the following sentence with the correct preposition:

to, toward, on, onto, in, or into. Some sentences may have more than one possible correct answer. Remember that a few verbs of motion take only "on" rather than "onto."

The dog jumped

the lake.

Multiple Choice

what is number expression?

• a mathematical statement that involves only numbers along with one or more operation symbols.

• When the full thought is not expressed because either the subject or the verb is missing

• word, phrase, or clause that modifies

Number Expression

The numbers between twenty-one and ninety-nine by themselves should be spelled out (with the proper hyphen).

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Rule: any number that can be expressed in two words or less must be spelled out—whatever the value!

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Examples: two billion, three thousand, fifteen

If a number must use more than two words, then it must be expressed in the numeric form!

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​Example: 2.75, 3456

Number Expression

The rule also applies to simple fractions and percentages.

Examples: one half, two thirds, five percent, fourteen percent

​ The only exception can be with a sentence that contains both a simple and complex number.

Example: After 5 years, researchers found a 15.65% increase in algae formation.

Fill in the Blanks

Write the correct answer for the sentence, using either word to spell out the numbers (thirty-one) or numerals where appropriate (31). Write a C if the sentence is correct as is.

In the sixties, there were sit-ins at 100's of colleges.

Multiple Choice

What is a sentence fragment?

• word, phrase, or clause that modifies

• the way a sentence is arranged, grammatically.

• When the full thought is not expressed because either the subject or the verb is missing

• a word governing, and usually preceding, a noun or pronoun and expressing a relation to another word or element in the clause

Sentence Construction Errors -  Fragments

> Sentence fragments occur when a writer stops a sentence with a period (usually at a clause) then completes the thought in the next sentence.

Examples: When I was much younger. I  wanted a dog for a pet.

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> Sara very much wanted to play in the game. Even though her knee hurt.

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Corrected examples: When I was much younger, I wanted a dog for a pet.

Sara very much wanted to play in the game even though her knee hurt.

Multiple Choice

The sentences below appeared in papers written by students. Act as their editor, marking a C if the sentences in the group are all complete and an F if any of the sentences in the group is a fragment.

Then I attended Morris Junior High. A junior high that was a bad experience.

• C

• F

Multiple Choice

what is a sentence construction modifier?

• a collection of words that convey sense or meaning and is formed according to the logic of grammar

• a word governing, and usually preceding, a noun or pronoun and expressing a relation to another word or element in the clause

• a word, phrase, or clause that modifies

• the way a sentence is arranged, grammatically.

Sentence Construction Errors -  Modifiers

Modifier errors can happen most often with words in the wrong order (dangling) or parts of sentences left out that change (or modify) the meanings of sentences.

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Examples: Settled in the cockpit, the

pounding of the engine was muffled only

slightly by my helmet.

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> Correct version: As I settled in the cockpit,

the pounding of the engine was muffled only slightly by my helmet.

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Example: Chris nearly drove seven and a half hours from Jacksonville to Asheville.

Correct version: Chris drove nearly seven

and a half hours from Jacksonville to Ashville.

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Multiple Choice

Decide whether the sentence is a misplaced modifier (M), a dangling modifier (D), or is correct (C)

Water from the sprinklers started to rust the brand-new child’s bike.

• modifier (M)

• modifier (D)

• correct (C)

Multiple Choice

occurs when a writer has connected two main clauses with no punctuation. A main clause provides a complete thought, so you cannot have two such clauses carelessly collide in one sentence.

• prepositions

• fragments

• conjunction

• Run-  on/Fused Errors

Sentence Construction Errors – Run-  on/Fused Errors

* Run-on (or also called fused) sentences when a writer does not separate different thoughts into their own sentences.

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Example: An Xbox is great for gaming because there are so many choices available gamers can play sports,  strategy, puzzles, and all kinds of games people can even play other people online.

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* To fix this sentence, a writer could separate the parts with semicolons or the best solution here is to separate them into three different sentences.

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Sentence Construction Errors – Run-  on/Fused Errors

* Comma splice errors are a basic form of a run-on sentence where a writer attempts to say two complete thoughts in one sentence but splices the sentence with a comma.

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Examples: Settled in the cockpit, the pounding of the engine was muffled only slightly by my helmet.

* Example: Jenny loves the album After  Hours by The Weeknd, she knows all the words to its songs.

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* Correction: Jenny loves the album After  Hours by Weeknd; she knows all the words to its songs.

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Fill in the Blanks

Join the two independent clauses with one of the coordinating conjunctions (and, but, for, or, nor, so, yet), and use a comma before the connecting word.

He enjoys walking through the country. He often goes backpacking on his vacations.

Questions? 

Syntax Part2

English Classes