Science - Unit D Day 2

Science - Unit D Day 2

SC.5.P.8.1: Compare and contrast the basic properties of solids, liquids, and gases, such as mass, volume, color, texture, and temperature.​

​TODAY’S TARGET: Recognize that mass is the amount of matter in an object, is measured with a scale, and is recorded as grams (g) or kilograms (kg).

​MASS

​A measure of the amount of matter contained in or constituting a physical body

​WEIGHT

​the force acting on the object due to gravity

​

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Multiple Choice

Two students are talking about air as a gas. One student claims that air is matter, and takes up space. Which of the following would be the best demonstration that shows that air is matter and takes up space?

• blowing up a balloon and showing how the shape of the balloon changes as more air is added

• blowing out a candle

• measuring the mass of an empty balloon with a digital scale

• measuring the mass of a blown up balloon with a digital scale

​States of Matter

Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Water has mass: we can measure the mass of water using a scale. Mass is measured in grams (g). Water also takes up space. The amount of space and object takes up is called volume. The volume of water can be measured with a measuring cup or a graduated cylinder. Volume is measured in milliliters (ml). A graduated cylinder is more precise than a measuring cup.

When water is poured from one container into another container, it changes shape: it will take the shape of the container it is in. This property is a property of liquids: they will move and flow to take the shape of the container they are in. The do not have a definite shape.​

Multiple Choice

The amount of space something takes up is called _______________.

• mass

• matter

• volume

• weight

​When water is measured at 100 ml in a measuring cup, and then poured into a gradated cylinder, it will take the shape of the graduated cylinder. It will still measure 100 ml. One hundred ml of water weighs 100 grams. Liquids do not change their volume when changing their containers. Liquids have an indefinite shape, but have a definite volume.

Multiple Choice

TRUE of FALSE

Liquids have a definite shape and indefinite volume

• TRUE

• FALSE

​If we want to have water keep the shape it is in, we must change its state to a solid. This is done by removing heat, or cooling the liquid water to below 32 degrees Fahrenheit, or zero degrees Celsius. Temperature can be measured using a thermometer. When water freezes, or changes state from a liquid to a solid, it will now keep its shape when moved from one container to another. If set on the top of a desk or table, the solid water, called ice, will not change its shape. It is still 100 grams of water: it has not changed its mass. A cube of 100 grams of water has a definite shape, and a definite volume: 100 ml.

Multiple Choice

TRUE or FALSE

A cube of 100 grams of water has a definite shape, and a definite volume: 100 ml.

• TRUE

• FALSE

​We can cause water to expand to fill a closed container. For this example, lets place a 100 ml cube of ice into a sealed container with 1000 ml of volume. As heat is added to the ice, it will begin to change from a solid back into a liquid. This process is called melting. As more heat is added to the water, it will begin to change to a gas at 100 degrees Celsius. Water as a gas is called water vapor. As the liquid water changes to a gas, the gas will expand to fill the space of the container. It will take up the volume of the container that is in. It will still have a mass of 100 grams, but it will now have a volume of 1000 ml. As the container fills with water vapor, it will begin to expand. If the lid is removed from the container, the water vapor inside will now expand outside the container, and begin to expand to fill the room it is in. Gas have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume.

Multiple Choice

Water as a ___________ is called water vapor

• solid

• gas

• liquid

• ice cube

Multiple Choice

Two students are talking about air as a gas. One student claims that air is matter, and has mass. Which of the following would be the best demonstration that shows that air is matter and has mass?

• blowing up a balloon and showing how the shape of the balloon changes as more air is added

• measuring the mass of an empty balloon with a digital scale

• measuring the mass of a blown up balloon with a digital scale

• comparing the masses of an empty balloon and a blown up balloon after finding the mass of each with a digital scale