Unit 4.2 ( Soil & Formation)

Unit 4.2 ( Soil & Formation)

Multiple Choice

Soil is made of

• weathered rocks and minerals
• dead plants and animals
• air and water
• all of the above

Multiple Choice

Soil formation begins with the weathering of_______.

• Humas

• Subsoil

• Litter

• Bedock

Multiple Choice

The two main factors that determine the rate of weathering are the TYPE of rock and_____.

• Music
• Climate
• Size of rock
• Weight of rock

Multiple Choice

Soil is formed by the breaking down of rocks by the action of wind, water and climate. This process is called

• Humification

• Weathering

• Soil erosion

• None of the above

Multiple Choice

Soil erosion is the process by which the

• the land surface(top soil) is removed by wind, water or ice

• formation of soil form rocks

• rusting of soil

• None of the above

Multiple Choice

Which soil horizon typically contains the least organic matter?

• A horizon

• B horizon

• C horizon

• O horizon

Multiple Choice

Which zone is defined by the accumulation of clay, iron, and aluminum?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

The smallest soil particle is ____.

• Clay

• Gravel

• Sand

• Silt

Multiple Choice

The C horizon is best described as ___.

• partially altered parent material

• zone of eluviation and leaching

• mineral matter mixed with some humus

• loose and partly decayed organic matter

Multiple Choice

The O horizon is best described as _____.

• partially altered parent material

• zone of eluviation and leaching

• mineral matter mixed with some humus

• loose and partly decayed organic matter

Multiple Choice

The A horizon is best described as ___.

• partially altered parent material

• zone of eluviation and leaching

• mineral matter mixed with some humus

• loose and partly decayed organic matter

Multiple Choice

What does the Ribbon Test test for?

• structure

• nutrients

• texture

• water holding capacity

Multiple Choice

What is a tool to determine soil texture using 3 percentages?

• Ribbon Test

• Texture Triangle

• pH Test

• Jar Test

Multiple Choice

Soil texture is the look and feel of the soil and is linked to the proportion of , silt and ______

• sand and clay

• sand and biomass

• biomass and nutrients

• nutrients and clay

Multiple Choice

Using the soil triangle below state what type of soil has 33% clay, 43% silt and 24% sand.

(do not assume the arrows drawn in red, yellow and blue relate to this soil).

• clay

• sandy loam

• clay loam

• silty clay

Multiple Choice

Which of the statements gives an accurate description of the proportions of the soil a X?

Sand: 12% Silt: 9% Clay: 79%

• Sand: 16% Silt: 30% Clay: 40%

• Sand: 12% Silt: 9% Clay: 79%

• Sand: 32% Silt: 48% Clay: 29%

• Sand: 22% Silt: 18% Clay: 50%

Multiple Choice

Which soil particle is the smallest, feels smooth, and gets heavy when wet (like a sponge)?

• Sand

• Silt

• Clay

Multiple Choice

Which soil particle is the largest and feels gritty?

• Sand

• Silt

• Clay

Multiple Choice

Soil shape or structure effects:

• Tilthe

• Permeability

• Water holding capacity

• all of the above

Multiple Select

What are the chemical properties of soil?

• Plant-available nutrients

• pH

• Cation exchange

• Flocculation

Multiple Choice

Cations are..

• positive ions

• negative ions

Multiple Choice

What is Flocculation?

• The clustering together of soil particles to create larger structures called floccules

• Ability of soil particles (clay and humus) to attract, retain and release cations

• The capacity of a soil to exchange cations between the soil surfaces and soil solution (water)

• Is a measure of the concentration of the hydrogen ions in a solution.

• The spreading of ground limestone on the soil

Multiple Choice

What is cation exchnage?

• The clustering together of soil particles to create larger structures called floccules

• Ability of soil particles (clay and humus) to attract, retain and release cations

• The capacity of a soil to exchange cations between the soil surfaces and soil solution (water)

• Is a measure of the concentration of the hydrogen ions in a solution.

• The spreading of ground limestone on the soil

Multiple Choice

What is cation exchnage capacity (CEC)?

• The clustering together of soil particles to create larger structures called floccules

• Ability of soil particles (clay and humus) to attract, retain and release cations

• The capacity of a soil to exchange cations between the soil surfaces and soil solution (water)

• Is a measure of the concentration of the hydrogen ions in a solution.n.

• The spreading of ground limestone on the soil

Multiple Choice

What soil type ahs the best cation exchange capacity?

• Sandy

• Loam

• Clay

Multiple Select

What factors effect the cation exchange capacity of a soil?

• pH

• Soil texture

• Humus content

• Clay content

Multiple Select

What are the cations that are acidic?

• Calcium

• Hydrogen

• Aluminium

• Magnesium