Unit 4.3 Earth Systems ( Global Climates)

Unit 4.3 Earth Systems ( Global Climates)

Multiple Choice

The biggest factor in determining climate is?

• elevation
• an ocean
• latitude
• mountain

Multiple Choice

The temperature of a tropical climate is?

• consistently warm
• consistently cool
• consistently moderate
• warm and cool

Multiple Choice

Climates are classified according to two major factors:

• elevation and precipitation
• latitude and temperature
• elevation and latitude
• precipitation and temperature

Multiple Choice

Which of the following has cause repeating 100,000-year cycles of ice ages in the past?

• an increase in sun spots
• several major volcanic eruptions
• changes in Earth;s orbit and tilt of its axis
• continental drift

Multiple Choice

The layers of the atmosphere in order from bottom to top are

• troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere
• troposphere, mesosphere, atmosphere, thermosphere
• mesosphere, thermosphere, troposphere, stratosphere, exosphere
• thermosphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, troposphere, exosphere

Multiple Choice

The layer of the atmosphere containing the ozone layer is

• troposphere
• stratosphere
• thermosphere
• mesosphere

Multiple Choice

The layer of the atmosphere containing our weather is

• thermosphere
• stratosphere
• troposphere
• mesosphere

Multiple Choice

The layers of the atmosphere that get colder as altitude increases are

• thermosphere and troposphere
• meosphere and troposphere
• stratosphere and thermosphere
• thermosphere and mesosphere

Multiple Choice

The troposphere gets colder as you go up.  What is the reason for this?

• the troposphere is heated by the sun reacting with oxygen (ozone)
• the troposphere is heated by Earth's surface
• the troposphere is heated by Carbon dioxide heat release
• it is getting closer to outerspace

Multiple Choice

At the equator, sunlight is most intense. That's because the sun's rays strike Earth in a (curved-direct) line.

• curved

• direct

Multiple Choice

The sun keeps Earth warm. It (does-doesn't) heat all parts of Earth evenly.

• does

• doesn't

Multiple Choice

At the North and South poles, these rays strike at a sharp angle, meaning that the same amount of solar energy is (concentrated on a smaller-spread out over a larger) area. This makes the poles colder than the equator.

• concentrated on a smaller

• spread out over a larger

Multiple Choice

What has the highest albedo?

• the oceans

• Ice in the Arctic or Antarctic

• the ground

• roads

Multiple Choice

Huge circuits of air that rise at the equator, drop at the tropics, and move back towards the equator

• Hadley cells

• Westerlies

• Sea breeze

• Coriolis effect

Multiple Choice

The surface winds of the Hadley cell

• Trade winds

• Westerlies

• Thermohaline circulation

• Sea breeze

Multiple Choice

The _____________ is the largest cell and extends from the equator to between 30 and 40⁰ North and South.

• Hadley Cell
• Polar Cell
• Ferrel Cell

Multiple Choice

All air is under pressure but if it is rising then the air is said to be unstable and the pressure is _______

• higher
• lower

Multiple Choice

The _________ cells are found between 60 and 70⁰ North and South. These are typically colder and feature denser air. 

• Polar Cell
• Hadley Cell
• Ferrel Cell

Multiple Choice

How does the Coriolis Effect influence hurricanes and cyclones

• determines how powerful they will be
• determines where they will go
• determines where they form
• determines the direction of the wind rotation

Multiple Choice

As a result of the Coriolis effect in the northern hemisphere, winds are deflected:

• At a 45° angle from the original direction.
• At a 90° angle from the original direction.
• To the right of the original direction.
• To the left of the original direction.

Multiple Choice

The Coriolis Effect is caused by

• Earth rotating around the sun
• Earth rotating on its axis
• The tides
• Gravity

Multiple Choice

Warm ocean currents generally come from

• The North Pole
• The South Pole
• The Equator
• Both A and B

Multiple Choice

Deep Ocean currents are a result of

• Global Wind Patterns
• Earth's Rotation
• Density
• All of the above

Multiple Choice

Where is ocean water the densest.

• The surface
• The middle
• The bottom
• Lake Michigan

Multiple Choice

______ causes deep ocean currents

• The Coriolis Effect

• gravity

• wind

• density differences

Multiple Choice

Nutrients are brought to the surface for phytoplankton to use at _______.

• gyres

• eddies

• upwellings

• the equator

Multiple Choice

Gyres in the northers hemisphere are surface currents that turn _________ due to the Coriolis Effect.

• clockwise

• counterclockwise

• toward the right

• toward the bottom of the ocean

Multiple Choice

When looking at a satellite map of eddies, the cold-core eddies are more likely to have ________.

• downwellings

• upwellings

• very few nutrients

• very little dissolved oxygen

Multiple Choice

As salinity  increases

• Density increases
• Density decreases

Multiple Choice

The warm, strong current off the coast of Florida is the 

• Gulf Stream
• California Current
• North Equatorial Current
• Brazil Current

Multiple Choice

During a(n) ____ event, trade winds are much stronger than usual.

• El Nino

• La Nina

• Normal

• Partly sunny

Multiple Choice

Both El Nino and La Nina have this in common

• Influence birds that migrate over the ocean

• Influence rainy / dry weather world wide

• The weather at the polar regions

• The directions that ships travel in the oceans

Multiple Choice

During an El Nino, trade winds are typically...

• about average

• stronger

• weaker

Multiple Choice

The picture below is of a(n) ____ event.

• Non-El Nino (Normal)

• El Nino

• La Nina

Multiple Choice

The picture represents a(n) ___ event.

• El Nino

• La Nina

• Non-El Nino (normal conditions)

Multiple Choice

El Niño ___________________ the trade winds causing the warm pool to move ___________.

• weakens or reverses; west

• intensifies; east

• weakens or reverses; east

• intensifies; east

Multiple Choice

When La Nina and hurricanes pull cold water to the surface and bring nutrient rich sediments from the seafloor, this is called ___________________.

• upwelling

• downwelling

• El zapato

• La Gloria