Age of Exploration: Chapter 5-A Spanish Empire and Its Critics

Age of Exploration: Chapter 5-A Spanish Empire and Its Critics

by Charles Montgomery

​After Columbus

• ​Spanish continued to expand lands in Americas

• ​Conditions for indigenous peoples got worse

  • ​died in large numbers working gold mines

  • ​ died from European diseases

​Native Population of Hispanola

• ​

  • ​over 1.2 million when Spanish arrived in 1492

  • ​60,000 by 1507

  • ​less than 600 by 1531

• ​When gold mines became less profitable

  • ​Introduced cattle ranches

  • ​Plantations

    • ​grew cash crop-sugar cane

• ​decline in indigenous population created labor shortage

  • ​began the importation of slaves from Ar

Multiple Select

What events led to the death of large amounts of indigenous peoples in Spanish conquered lands?

(mark all that apply)

• Disease

• Working in gold mines

• fighting to drive the Spanish off their lands

• working on ships

• working on plantation

​The Conquistadors

• ​Hernan Cortes conquers Aztecs

• ​Francisco Pizzaro conquers Inca

• ​Vasco Nunez de Balboa explored isthmus of Panama

  • ​after several months marching through dense jungle, reached the Pacific Ocean

  • ​Claimed all lands touching this sea in the name of Spain

Multiple Choice

Which Conquistador conquered the Aztec?

• Pizzaro

• Cortes

• Balboa

• Las Casas

Multiple Choice

Which Conquistador conquered the Inca?

• Pizzaro

• Cortes

• Balboa

• Las Casas

Multiple Choice

Which Conquistador discovered the "South Sea"?

• Pizzaro

• Cortes

• Balboa

• Las Casas

Multiple Choice

Which Conquistador was with Balboa on his journey to the "South Sea"?

• Pizzaro

• Cortes

• Balboa

• Las Casas

Multiple Choice

What is the "South Sea" called today?

• Atlantic Ocean

• Gulf of Mexico

• Indian Ocean

• Pacific Ocean

• I

​Encomiendas

• ​To encourage settlers to new lands, Spain set up system of encomiendas

  • ​settlers given large plot of land and a number of enslaved workers

• ​Encomiendas benefited Spain and Spanish settlers

• ​led to more enslaved indigenous peoples

​Bartoleme de Las Casas

• ​granted encomienda in Hispanola

• ​became priest

• ​believed system was wrong

• ​preached against enslavement of people

• ​Returned to Spain and wrote book against encomienda system

• ​King eventually changes laws regarding treatment of indigenous people

• ​laws are difficult to enforce, and indigenous people continue to suffer

Multiple Choice

What name was given to the system of land and labor grants that the Spaniards set up to encourage settlers in their newly conquered lands?

• haciendas

• encomiendas

• Tordesillas

• conquistadors

Multiple Choice

Who was the Spanish misionary who tried to end the enslavement of Indians?

• Hispaniola

• Pizarro

• Balboa

• Las Casas

• L