Muscle physiology sliding filament and excitation of sarcolemma

Muscle physiology sliding filament theory and excitation of sarcolemma at the neuromuscular junction

Multiple Choice

The point at which the nerve cell reaches the sarcolemma of the muscle fiber is the _____.

• Neurotransmitter

• Acetylcholine

• Synaptic cleft

• Neuromuscular Junction

Multiple Choice

One neuron and all the skeletal muscle cells it stimulates is the ____ ___.

• Neurotransmitter

• Neuromuscular junction

• Motor unit

• Synaptic cleft

Multiple Choice

The gap between the nerve cell and sarcolemma is the ____ ___.

• Synaptic cleft

• Neurotransmitter

• Motor unit

• Neuromuscular junction

Multiple Choice

What is the specific neurotransmitter that stimulates the movement of skeletal muscles?

• GABA

• Acetylcholine

• Serotonin

• Dopamine

Multiple Choice

Once calcium is pumped into the axon terminal what happens?

• The muscle contracts

• ACh is released into the synaptic cleft.

• Sodium pumps into the sarcolemma.

• The muscle contracts.

Multiple Choice

What is the name of the component that houses the neurotransmitters?

• Synaptic cleft

• Acetylcholine

• Receptors

• Synaptic vesicles

Multiple Choice

Once ACh binds to receptor cells on the sarcolemma, what takes place?

• Sarcolemma becomes temporarily permeable to sodium.

• The muscle contracts.

• Calcium is pumped into the axon terminal.

• Synaptic vesicles move to the end of the terminal.

Multiple Choice

Once sodium is pumped into the sarcolemma, what happens?

• Action potential is transferred to the sarcolemma to cause contraction.

• The process ends and ACh breaks down.

• Calcium is pumped into the axon terminal.

• ACh is released into the synaptic cleft.

Multiple Choice

What structure on the sarcolemma is where axon terminal almost touches the sarcolemma and has receptors for the neurotransmitter acetylcholine?

• motor end plate

• gap junction

• sarcoplasmic reticulum

• Transverse (T) tubules

Multiple Choice

Contractile unit of a muscle.

• sarcomere

• motor unit

• fascicle

• myofibril

Multiple Choice

Thick filaments are in a myofibril are

• ATPase

• Sarcoplasmic reticulum

• Actin

• Myosin

Multiple Choice

Thin filaments in a myofibril are

• Sarcomeres

• Sarcoplasm

• Actin

• Myosin

Multiple Choice

Calcium:

• causes ATP binding to actin

• increases the action potential along the sarcolemma

• binds to proteins on myosin

• triggers the binding of myosin to actin

Multiple Choice

What is a crossbridge?

• Where myosin binds to actin

• Where the calcium crosses into the cytoplasm

• Where calcium binds with troponin

• None of the answers are correct.

Multiple Choice

The energy needed to perform a muscle contraction comes directly from

• ATP

• Oxygen

• Glucose

• Calcium

Multiple Choice

What is the structure that stores the Calcium in the muscle cell.

• Sarcoplasm

• Sarcolemma

• Myoglobin

• Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

Multiple Choice

Which filament slides inward during muscle contraction

• Actin

• Myosin

Multiple Choice

The plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle cell is called the:

• sarcomere
• myofilament
• sarcolemma
• sarcoplasm

Multiple Choice

The Ions that are responsible for removing Troponin from Tropomyosin.

• Sodium
• Calcium
• Potassium
• Magnesium

Multiple Choice

during full muscle contraction, which region disappear?

• I band

• M line

• H zone

• A band

Multiple Choice

Which region consists only actin (thin filament)?

• I band

• M line

• H zone

• A band

Multiple Select

Which part separate one sarcomere to the next?

• M line

• I band

• H zone

• Z line

Multiple Choice

The organelle that stores ACh in the axon is identified as #4

• Motor Neuron
• Axon Terminal of Motor Neuron
• Sarcolemma
•  Vesicle

Multiple Choice

The specialized part of the cell membrane of the muscle fiber identified as #5

• Sodium ion (Na⁺)

• Axon Terminal of Motor Neuron

• motor end plate

• Vesicle

Multiple Choice

The organelle containing actin and myosin identified as #9

• ACh
• Sarcolemma
• Vesicle
• Myofibril

Multiple Choice

This is a neurotransmitter used to create a muscle impulse

• Acetylcholine
• Calcium Ions (Ca²⁺)
• Sodium Ions (Na⁺)
• Protein Channels

Multiple Choice

Another name for a muscle cell.

• Fiber
• Sacrolemma
• Sacromere
• Fascicle

Multiple Choice

The functional unit of the muscle cell is the: 

• Sarcomere
• Osteon
• Myofilament
• Muscle fiber

Multiple Choice

What two chemicals are necessary for muscle contraction to occur?

• Niacin and Potassium
• Calcium and ATP
• Sodium and Potassium
• Ach and Potassium

Multiple Choice

Calcium:

• causes ATP binding to actin
• increases the action potential along the sarcolemma
• binds to proteins on myosin
• triggers the binding of myosin to actin

Multiple Choice

enzyme that breaks down the muscle cell neurotransmitter and ends the impulse

• lactase
• sucrase
• lipase
• acetylcholinterase

Multiple Choice

Identify one factor that can cause the first sodium channel to open in a muscle cell.  

• Calcium ions being released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
• Acetylcholine being released from the motor neuron
• Calcium ions binding to troponin
• ATP causing the myosin heads to pop up.  

Multiple Choice

Axon terminal is represented by

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

Multiple Choice

Number 3 represents which of the following events

• action potential reaches the axon terminal
• sodium rushes into the muscle fiber
• potassium leaving the muscle fiber
• ACh crossing the synaptic cleft

Multiple Choice

Z represents

• Dendrite
• Axon Terminal
• Neurotransmitters
• Synapse

Multiple Choice

The sarcolemma is represented by

• 9
• 10
• 11
• 12

Multiple Choice

The receptors are represented by

• 8
• 9
• 10
• 11

Multiple Choice

What state is the sarcomere in #1

• Relaxed
• Contracting
• Fully Contracted
• None of the above

Multiple Choice

What state is the sarcomere in #2

• Relaxed
• Contracting
• Fully Contracted
• None of the above

Multiple Choice

___provides energy for muscle contraction and relaxation.

• cAMP

• ADP

• ATP

• M line

Open Ended

Since calcium has to be pumped into the sarcomere for contraction using ATP and calcium has to be pumped out using ATP, what do you think would happen if you had enough ATP to pump it causing contraction but temporarily didn't have enough ATP to pump it out?