Subjunctive mood

Subjunctive mood

Thức giả định

​1. Định nghĩa: Không có thật, chỉ là giả thuyết

​2. Các dạng của thức giả định:

​- Câu điều kiện loại 2, 3

​- Wish

​- Bàng thái cách

​Present Subjunctive

VD: If I had a lot of money, I would buy a car.

​

​=> sự thật là không có nhiều tiền ở hiện tại

​=> ước, giả thuyết nếu có nhiều tiền thì sẽ mua ô tô

​Present Subjunctive

Diễn tả 1 lời khuyên:

​VD: If I were you, I wouldn't go out.

​

​=> nếu tôi là bạn, thì tôi sẽ không ra ngoài lúc này.

Practice​ Present Subjective ( Câu điều kiện loại 2 )

Câu gốc:

1. ​I am eighteen. I can vote. => hiện tại

​

=> If I were eighteen, I could vote. => lùi về quá khứ

​

2. You'll manage it. Don't panic.

​

​=> If you didn't panic, you would manage it.

​=> If you didn't panic, you'd manage it

​Can => could/'d

​Will/'ll => would/'d

​May => might

Multiple Choice

If I hadn't a typewriter, I ………………. (type) it myself.

=> Cấu trúc: If S + V-ed, S + would (could/might) + V

• would type

• type

• typing

• to type

Multiple Choice

If I were sent to prison, you ………………………. (visit) me?

=> Cấu trúc: If S + V-ed, S + would (could/might) + V

• would you visit

• would visit

• visited

• visiting

Multiple Choice

If you__________ (help) your grandma, I__________ (do) the shopping.

• help - do

• helping - to do

• helpep - would do

• to help - doing

​Past Subjunctive

​

Practice​ Past Subjective ( Câu điều kiện loại 3 )

1. We didn't go to the cinema, so we couldn't see my friend - Jacob. => Quá khứ

​

=> If we had gone to the cinema, we could have seen my friend - Jacob. => lùi về quá khứ hoàn thành

​

2. We didn't go for the picnic because the weather was rainy.

​

​=> We would have gone for the picnic yesterday if the weather had not been rainy.

Multiple Choice

If we (go) ____ to a good restaurant, we (have) ____ a better dinner.

=> Cấu trúc: If S + had + Vp2, S + would (could/might) + have + Vp2

• went - had

• would go - had had

• had gone - would have

• had gone - would have had

Multiple Choice

If the police (come) ____ earlier, they (arrest) ____ the burglar.

=> Cấu trúc: If S + had + Vp2, S + would (could/might) + have + Vp2

• came - arrested

• had come - would have arrested

• had come - would have arrest

• would have come - had arrested

Multiple Choice

If the boys (take) ____ the bus to school, they (arrive) ____ on time.

=> Cấu trúc: If S + had + Vp2, S + would (could/might) + have + Vp2

• Had taken - would have arrived

• Had taked - would have arrived

• would have taken - had arrived

• took - arrived

​Wish/If only: ước

​

​Wish/If only: ước

S + wish + S ... = If only + S....​

​Wish/If only: ước

​Hiện tại/Tương lai:

​S + wish + S + V-ed

​= If only + S + V-ed

​

VD: It's a pity that Tom ​can't come to the office tomorrow.

​

​=> I wish Tom could come to the office tomorrow.

​= If only Tom could come to the office tomorrow.

​Wish/If only: ước

​Hiện tại/Tương lai:

​S + wish + S + V-ed

​= If only + S + V-ed

​

VD: my girlfriend is not here with me.

​

​=> I wish my girlfriend were here with me.

​= If only my girlfriend were here with me

​Wish/If only: ước

​Hiện tại/Tương lai:

​S + wish + S + V-ed

​= If only + S + V-ed

​

​Note: trường hợp đồng chủ ngữ, wish + to V= want + to V= would rather (not) + V

​

VD: I wish I could travel around the world.

​= I want to travel around the world.

​= I wish to travel around the world.

​= I would rather travel around the world.

​Wish/If only: ước

​Quá khứ:

​S + wish + S + had + Vp2

​= If only + S + had + Vp2

​Cách dùng: ước một điều gì đó đã xảy ra hoặc không xảy ra trong quá khứ, thể hiện sự tiếc nuối và mong muốn.

​

VD: We had a lot of homework yesterday.

​

​=> She wishes we hadn't had a lot of homework yesterday.

​= If only we hadn't had a lot of homework yesterday.

Multiple Choice

Odd one out:

• I’d rather not answer that question.

• I don't want to answer that question.

• I don't wish to answer that question.

• I hope to answer that question.

Multiple Choice

She wishes she ................ at home now. (be)

• were

• could be

• had been

Multiple Choice

I wish you ................ here yesterday. (be)

• could be

• had been

• were

• are

Multiple Choice

She wishes she ................ the window last night. (open)

• opened

• opens

• could open

• had opened

Multiple Choice

I wish that he ................ us next year. (visit)

• would visit

• visited

• had visited

• visits

Multiple Choice

You wish you ................ what to do last year. (know)

• knew

• have known

• had known

• could know

Multiple Choice

I wish I ................ the subject more interesting. (find)

(v) find + sth + adj: cảm thấy cái gì như thế nào

• find

• could find

Multiple Choice

I wish I ................ the answers. (not lose)

• hadn't lost

• could lose

Multiple Choice

She wishes she ................ how to sing. (know)

• knows

• had known

• knew

​Bàng thái cách

​Định nghĩa: thường được sử dụng để nhấn mạnh tầm quan trọng hay sự khẩn cấp phải làm một việc gì đó. Vì vậy mà bàng thái cách thường được sử dụng để đưa ra lời khuyên.

​

​Ví dụ:

• The teachersuggested that students (should) come to school on time last week.

(Cô giáo đề nghị học sinh đến trường đúng giờ.)

• It is essential that I (should) get work done by 6 pm.

(Điều cần thiết là tôi phải hoàn thành công việc trước 6 giờ tối)

​​Bàng thái cách

​Công thức:

​Động từ bàng thái cách: S + V/s/es/ed + that S + (should/must) V-nguyên thể

​Tính từ bàng thái cách: It is + adj + that + S + (should/must) V-nguyên thể

​

​​Bàng thái cách

​Công thức:

​Động từ bàng thái cách: S + V/s/es/ed + that + S + (should/must) V-nguyên thể

​

• ​To ask/request/demand that: hỏi/yêu cầu rằng... 

• To advise that: khuyên rằng...

• To command that: ra lệnh rằng...

• To desire that: Ước muốn rằng...

• To urge that: đôn đốc rằng...

• To insist that: khăng khăng rằng...

• ​To recommend/suggest that: gợi ý/đề xuất/đề nghị rằng...

​​Bàng thái cách

​Công thức:

​​Tính từ bàng thái cách: It is + adj + that + S + (should/must) V-nguyên thể

Những tính từ thường dùng ở bàng thái cách:

​

• It is crucial/ important/ vital that: Điều quan trọng là...

• It is desirable that: Điều mong muốn là...

• It is essential/ necessary that: Điều cần thiết là...

• It is imperative that: Điều bắt buộc là...

• It is recommended (that): Điều được khuyến khích...

• It is urgent (that): Chuyện khẩn cấp là...​

Multiple Choice

It’s necessary that the train ________ on time.

• is

• will be

• would be

• be

Multiple Choice

She urged that her husband ________ the letter. A. write B. wrote C. had written D. has written

• write

• wrote

• had written

• has written

Multiple Select

The doctor recommended that John _______ for a couple of days.

• could rest

• might rest

• must rest

• rest

Multiple Choice

. We suggested that she ______ the 10.30 train immediately.

• should take

• might take

• could take

• can take