Industrialisation, Urbanisation and Family Change

Industrialisation, Urbanisation and Family Change

IGCSE Sociology

​lesson objectives

• ​Explain how societies affect the structure of families

• ​Answer "To what extent question" related to the topic

​Modern Industrial Societies are created by industrialisation

​Functionalists argue that the nuclear family evolved from earlier types of the family as society evolved.

​Nuclear family - a family group consisting of parents and their children (one or more)

​

​- ideal family type (functionalists)

​Nuclear family for modern-industrial societies

Extended family suited pre-industrial, traditional societies

​Functionalists argue that the nuclear family evolved from earlier types of the family as society evolved.

Open Ended

Why do you think such reasons exist?

​Fit Thesis

​The theory that the type of family fits the needs of a society.

​

​While change is happening to the families in different societies, functionalists see it as a gradual evolutionary change, or as they call it "march of progress".

​"When society changes, family structure also changes."

​Talcott Parsons

A functionalist; he thinks the nuclear family fits the modern industrial societies so well

​

​- before, people rely on the family to meet many needs (large family)

​- such needs are note taken over by other institutions (small family)

​

​Modern families are more mobile

​Structural Differentiation

​the change from reliance on the extended family to delegating its functions to a range of other institutions

Two main functions of families in modern industrial societies:

​

​1. primary socialisation of children

​2. stabilisation of adult personalities; family providing comfort and security to its members since the world is very impersonal

​Urbanisation in UK

​As urbanisation rises in the 1800s, farming became more difficult and manufacturing and trade became more important, so people moved from villages to the new cities to earn a living.

​

​This changed society, so did family structures.

Urbanisation

Growing proportion of the population lived in cities

To what exten​t does society influence family structure.

​15 marks

To what exten​t does society influence family structure.

Ideas/examples that support the claim. (Yes it does)

Ideas/examples that disprove the claim. (No it doesn't)

​Structure 1

​How to answer "To what extent" questions?

Par. 1 - Intro

Par. 2 - Pro/Advantage/Yes/Positive/Affimative

Par. 3 - Con/Disadvantage/No/Negative

Par. 4 - Conclusion

​Paragraph 1

​Introduction:

• The 1800s brought changes to society and family structure.

  • ​Functionalists like Talcott Parsons claim such a change is part of "march of progress"

  • ​Other scholars disagree.

​Paragraph 2

• Extended families were needed to support labour-intensive pre-industrial socities.

  • ​Examples

• ​As cities grew, changes forced people to adapt to changes, more families became nuclear families, which enabled them to move to jobs in towns and cities.

  • Examples

• ​Some functions of families have been taken over by other institutions.

  • ​Examples

​Paragraph 3

• J. ​Finch claimed that little evidence supported family support during pre-industrial societies; Peter Laslett

  • ​Examples

• ​Alternative views claim that nuclear families developed first in Western Europe which helped build an industrial society

  • ​Examples

• ​the "loss of functions" can be seen as having been modified rather than lost completely

  • ​examples

​Paragraph 4

​Conclusion:

• A summary of points/claims mentioned

• ​Claim - while families are shaped by society in many ways, people/communities were to complex to classify them into rigi

​Structure 2

Par. 1 - Intro

Par. 2 - Pro claim 1 with examples

Par. 8 - Conclusion

Par. 3 - Anti claim 1 with examples

Par. 4 - Pro claim 2 with examples

Par. 5 - Anti claim 2 with examples

Par. 7 - Anti claim 3 with examples

Par. 6 - Pro claim 3 with examples

​Paragraph 1

​Introduction:

• The 1800s brought changes to society and family structure.

  • ​Functionalists like Talcott Parsons claim such a change is part of "march of progress"

  • ​Other scholars disagree.

​Paragraph 2

• Extended families were needed to support labour-intensive pre-industrial socities.

  • ​Examples

​Paragraph 3

• J. ​Finch claimed that little evidence supported family support during pre-industrial societies

  • ​Examples

Topic - families in pre-industrial societies

​Paragraph 4

• As cities grew, changes forced people to adapt to changes, more families became nuclear families, which enabled them to move to jobs in towns and cities.

  • Examples

​Paragraph 5

• ​Alternative views claim that nuclear families developed first in Western Europe which helped build an industrial society

  • ​Examples

Topic - influence of society to families

​Paragraph 6

• ​Some functions of families have been taken over by other institutions.

  • ​Examples

​Paragraph 7

• ​the "loss of functions" can be seen as having been modified rather than lost completely

  • ​examples

Topic - 'loss of functions' debate

​Paragraph 8

​Conclusion:

• A summary of points/claims mentioned

• ​Claim - while families are shaped by society in many ways, people/communities were to complex to classify them into rigi

Writing Task: Changes Affecting Family​

​"To what extent is the extended family shaped by society." (15 marks)

Read pp. 148-151 of the textbook.