Chapter 4: Political Environment

Chapter 4: Political Environment

by KAMARULZAMAN ISHAK

Multiple Choice

One of the following is NOT the objective of government policy:

• Improved travel choices

• Promote personal interests
• more efficient pricing

• more efficient land use

Reductionist? What does it mean?

• Focus on individual components, not the full system

• Assume problems can be solved by optimizing each part separately

• Often ignores interconnections, feedback loops, and unintended consequences

Example of reductionist thinking

Urban Transport Planning

A city decides to reduce congestion by widening roads.

• Reductionist thinking:
  “More lanes = less traffic.”

• What gets ignored:

  • Induced demand (more people start driving)

  • Impact on public transport usage

  • Environmental effects

• Outcome: Traffic often returns—or gets worse.

Multiple Choice

Most highways and roads in the Klang Valley in the 21st century are constructed by JKR - a government agency responsible for building and maintaining transport infrastructure.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Below are the privatisation components EXCEPT:

• management responsibility

• assets

• personnel

• management accounting

Multiple Choice

One of the statements below is not part of the objectives of sustainable transportation:

• Promote the use of public transportation
• Encourage walking and cycling
• Implement carpooling initiatives
• Increase the use of single-occupancy vehicles

Reorder

Reorder the following principles of NTP 2019:

• Economic competitiveness,

  focusing on ensuring seamless connectivity for other economic

  activities which also call for the delivery of reliable and efficient

  services, among others.

• Social impact, where inclusivity and

  accessibility to transport services are deemed vital, as well as

  improving the security of transport services.

• Environmental impact, in particular

  reducing emissions and pollution while ensuring sustainability.

1

2

3

• 1
• 2
• 3

Multiple Choice

What is true about Environmental Impact Assessment?

• It is a process that is legally required in some cases.

• It is a process to ignore the environmental impacts of projects.

• It is a process that disregards social impacts.
• It is a process that only focuses on economic benefits.

4.3 Political environment and its impact on transport

​B. Wars and conflicts

• A current worry among global shippers now is the Ukraine-Russia war, U.S.- China tension over conflict in South China Sea.

• Another worry is the Middle East, such as the power vacuum that exist after the demise of Iran's President Ebrahim Raisi, and the Palestinian-Israeli conflict that threatens the shipping lane around Suez canal

• Such tensions could interrupt trade deals with partners around the world and, ultimately, even obstruct shipping.

The End​

Questions?​