Unit III Introduction

Unit III Introduction

The Restoration and 18th Century

​1660-1798

Multiple Choice

Which Monarch brought about the Restoration?

• Charles I

• Charles II

• Henry VIII

• Henry XIII

​Restoration

• ​Charles II Coronation 1660

• ​Sophisticated Society

  • ​Comedies of Manners

  • ​Poet Laureate - John Dryden

  • ​Anglicanism

• ​Tories & Whigs

  • ​Whigs wanted to limit Royal Authority

  • ​Tories supported royal authority

​Disasters

• ​Great Plague - 1665

  • ​Last of the Bubonic Plague

  • ​Killed around 100,000 people

• ​Great Fire of London - 1666

  • ​Began September 2

  • ​Burned 70,000 of the 80,000 homes in London

  • ​Led to a new city being built

Multiple Choice

How many people died in the Great Fire of London?

• 6

• 600

• 60,000

• 6,000

​English Bill of Rights

• ​James II attempts to restore Catholicism - 1685

  • ​Forced to abdicate in 1688

• ​Mary (James' daughter) takes throne with William of Orange

• ​Leads to Glorious Revolution

• ​English Bill of Rights

Great Britain

• ​King William rules after Mary's death

  • ​Fights consistently with France to stop their threat against Holland

  • ​Considered to be a second Hundred Years' War

• ​Act of Settlement

  • ​Permanently barred Catholics from the throne

• ​1702 - Crown passed to Mary's sister, Anne

  • ​Scotland and England united to form Great Britain

​House of Hanover

• ​Anne - the Last Stuart

• ​1714 - Distant cousin from Hanover, Germany, became George I

• ​Robert Walpole - First Prime Minister

• ​William Pitt - Prime Minister in 1727

  • ​Led England to victory over France in Seven Years' War (French and Indian war in USA)

​George III

• ​Third in the line of Hanover

• ​Known as the Mad King

• ​Blamed for losing the American Colonies

Open Ended

What is Isaac Newton known for discovering?

​Age of Reason!

• ​Sir Isaac Newton - Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy (1687)

  • ​Scientific Method

• ​John Locke - Rejected "divine right" of kings, provided justification for the Glorious Revolution (and American and French Revoloutions)

​The Times

• ​Enlightened Women

  • ​Salons

• ​Prose

  • ​Journalism - Real Life Lit

  • ​The Tatler

  • ​The Spectator

• ​Daniel Defoe

  • ​Robinson Crusoe (1719)

• ​Samuel Pepys - Diary

​Satire

• ​Neoclassicism

  • ​Modeled after Ancient Greek

• ​Horatian Satire

  • ​Playful, gentle, sympathetic

  • ​Alexander Pope

• ​Juvenalian Satire

  • ​Biting, darker

  • ​Jonathan Swift

Open Ended

What did Jonathan Swift propose the poor eat to survive in "A Modest Proposal"?

​The Age of Johnson

• ​Samuel Johnson

  • ​Poet, critic, journalist, essayist, scholar, and lexicographer

  • ​Wrote the first dictionary - A Dictionary of the English Language

​Rise of Women Writers

• ​Aphra Behn

• ​Charlotte Smith

• ​Fanny Burney

• ​Mary Wollstonecraft