IONIC BONDING_MELSCI

IONIC BONDING

​OBJECTIVES:

1. Explain how ions form.

2. Determine the binary ionic compounds' chemical formula or name from the given ions or metal and nonmetal.

3. ​​Recognize the ionic compounds based on their properties.

DEFINITION OF TERMS:

​Ion - an atom that has either lost or gained electrons. hence, it is a particle with a charge.

​Cation - a positively charged ion

​Anion - a negatively charged ion

​Formation of Ions

​Ions are formed when neutral atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve stability or to have 8 valence electrons.

​Metals lose their electrons. Nonmetals gain electrons.

Multiple Choice

How many electrons are lost by metals located on Group IA once they react with nonmetals?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

What is the charge of a nonmetal that gains 3 electrons?

• 0

• -3

• +3

• -5

Multiple Choice

How do ions form?

• by sharing valence electrons

• by sharing inner electrons

• by transferring nucleus

• by losing or gaining electrons

​Formation of Ionic Compound

​1) A nonmetal atom, due to its high electronegativity and electron affinity, pulls the valence electrons of a metal atom resulting to a metal becoming a cation and the nonmetal atom an anion.

​2) The two ions attract each other due to electrostatic force.

Multiple Choice

What is the ionic compound that is formed from the calcium atom that loses 2 electrons and chlorine that needs one more electron?

• calcium chloride (CaCl2)

• calcium chloride (CaCl)

• calcium monochloride (CaCl)

​Writing the Chemical Formula of a Binary Ionic Compound

​STEP 1

​

Write the symbol for the metal and its charge, followed by the symbol of the nonmetal and its charge.

Multiple Choice

What is the chemical symbol and charge of aluminum? This chemical symbol with a charge is the ion form of the atom.

• Al⁺³

• Al^-3

• Al^5-

​Aluminum is located at Group 3A, thus, it is capable of losing 3 electrons. After losing 3 electrons, it is no longer an atom but an ion with a chemical symbol, Al⁺³

Multiple Choice

What is the chemical symbol of oxygen after it gains 2 electrons?

• O^6-

• O²⁺

• O^2-

​Writing the Chemical Formula of a Binary Ionic Compound

​STEP 2

​

Make the magnitude of the charge of each ion (without the sign) become the subscript for the other ion.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following will be the subscripts of the ions, Al⁺³ and O^2- ?

• 3 for Al and 2 for O

• 2 for Al and 3 for O

• 5 for Al and 6 for O

​Writing the Chemical Formula of a Binary Ionic Compound

​STEP 3

​

If possible, reduce the subscripts to give a ratio with the smallest whole numbers.

Multiple Choice

What is the correct chemical formula of ionic compound, Cu₂O₂?

• CuO

• CuO₂

• Cu₂O

• Cu₄O₄

Multiple Choice

Taking into consideration the steps in writing the chemical formula of ionic compound, what is the ionic compound that can be formed from the following ions: Ca²⁺ and Cl^-1?

• CaCl₂

• CaCl

• Ca2Cl₄

• Ca₄Cl₈

Naming a Binary Ionic Compound

​2 STEPS:

​​

​1. State the name of the metal.

​2. State the root name of the nonmetal and end it with -ide.

Multiple Choice

What is the name of K₃N?

• potassium nitrogen

• potassium nitride

Multiple Choice

What is the name of Li₂O?

• lithium oxygen

• oxygen lithium

• lithium oxide

• lithium oxygenate