Canadian History

Canadian History

by Nicholas Barker

​The First People

• ​Originating from Asia and crossing the continental land bridge (the frozen land bridge between modern day Russia and Alaska) the first groups to come to north America were called the "First Nations."

• ​Some of these Aboriginal peoples were the Inuit, Iroquois, and the Huron

​Inuit Living

​In the 2016 census over 1.6 million people in Canada identified as Indigenous, making up 4.9 per cent of the national population. Though severely threatened — and in certain cases extinguished — by colonial forces, Indigenous culture, language and social systems have shaped the development of Canada and continue to grow and thrive despite extreme adversity.

​Inuit continued

​For generations the Inuit people of Nunavut lived a traditional life in the Arctic, moving from one place to another with the seasons, to hunt caribou, muskox and seal, or fish for char and whitefish. Inuit did not wander aimlessly in search of meat and fish. They visited the same seasonal hunting and fishing camps each year to harvest food.

Their lifestyle was semi-nomadic moving three or four times a year. They might catch whatever they could along the way, but they always had a specific destination. Many Inuit groups would spend the winters in snowhouses on the sea ice hunting seals, springtime on the coast catching seals and fish, and summertime inland hunting caribou. In between they would harvest berries, birds eggs, fish for lake trout or cod and use whatever food nature provided.

When the hunting was good, the spring, summer and fall were times to hunt and travel, while the mid-winter was a time to spend with the family, tell stories, play games, and learn about Inuit oral history and Inuit legends.

Multiple Choice

The native people originally came from...

• Asia

• Europe

• Africa

• Australia

Fill in the Blanks

Multiple Choice

What % of Canada population Identifies as Native

• 1.5%

• 90%

• 4.9%

• 10.1%

Open Ended

Describe the lifestyle of the Inuit. Or Describe how an Icehouse works?

​Vikings

​The first Europeans to arrive in the Americas were the Vikings around the year 1000. Historians believe that the Vikings had a series of small villages that they used to resupply, and rest in the area. They did not seek to colonize the area and they did not reveal their secret to other part of Europe. Eventually the villages were abandoned and their secrets lost to time.

​The French

• ​In 1534 the French sent a group of explorers led by Jacques Cartier explore their new claims. He explored the St. Lawrence river area and helped establish a settlement there. (New France)

• Between 1600-1608 Samuel de Champlain explored the area that would become Quebec.

​Traders, priests, and the relationship with the natives

• ​When the French arrived they discovered quickly that their land was not to great for mass farming like in the British American colonies or in the Caribbean.

• ​They learned that the best way to profit off the new land was to do business and trade with the Natives.

• ​The Iroquois peoples in the area were expert trappers and fur harvesters and the French would use that to their advantage.

• ​They established the best relationship with the natives, more so than any other European peoples. They would trade goods in exchange for the pelts. The most valuable of which was Beaver.

Multiple Choice

Around what year did the Vikings arrive in Canada?

• 500AD

• 2020AD

• 1000AD

• 1534

Multiple Choice

What did Jacques Cartier name the new area he claimed for France?

• Quebec

• New England

• New Canada

• New France

Fill in the Blanks

Open Ended

Why was beaver skin so valuable?

​The 7 Years War/ French and Indian War

​The Seven Years’ War (1756-1763) was a global conflict that spanned five continents, though it was known in America as the “French and Indian War.” After years of skirmishes between England and France in North America, England officially declared war on France in 1756

​Consequences of the war

• ​The Treaty of Paris was signed on February 10, 1763, officially bringing an end to the French and Indian War. The British were awarded Canada, Louisiana and Florida (the latter from Spain), thereby removing European rivals

• ​ Further consequences of the war was the Natives in the American colonies lost their greatest ally in the French. The only real positive relationship was lost.

• ​Quebec Act- in order to keep the peace in Canada with its overwhelming majority of French people that lived there, the British allowed the citizens in Quebec to keep their language, religion, and laws

Multiple Choice

Who was not one of the main combatants in North America during the 7 years war?

• France

• Native American

• Prussians

• Great Britain

Fill in the Blanks

Multiple Choice

The biggest loser of the French and Indian War

• French

• British

• The Native Americans

• The students for having to learn about it.

Open Ended

Why did the British pass the Quebec act?

​War of 1812

• ​The Dominion of Canada had been growing and more and more British citizens had moved to the area. With The United States now being independent from British Rule the Canadian Provence's became home to anyone who wanted to moved to the Americas from Britain.

• ​The population there was content with the level of self government crown had given them.

​The U.S.

• ​When the Americans went to war with Great Britain they assumed that the citizens of Canada wanted to leave GB as well.

• ​The U.S. Invaded Canada twice in the hopes that either the French in Quebec or the British citizens in Ontario would join their forces and fight. Instead the opposite happened and a large contingent of Canadians resisted the invasions and the U.S stopped

​The War was important because...

​This was the first time that Canada defended itself. It gave the nation a unified identity and solidified where the borders between the U.S. and Canada were set.

​The biggest losers of this war were the Natives. They were completley left out of any peace talks and in the end had their land subdivided and pushed even further away. Leading to both the U.S and Canadians using force to take land.

Multiple Choice

How did the average Canadian Citizen feel about British Rule in 1812

• The were a little upset with it.

• They were demanding the U.S help them out

• They were fine with it

• They had no opinion whatsoever

Multiple Choice

What were the Americans hoping for when they invaded Canada

• That the citizens would turn on the British Government

• That the citizens would fight the natives

• That the Canadians would stay out of the fight

• That the Canadians would give them money

Multiple Choice

Who were the biggest losers of the war?

• The British

• The Natives

• The French

• The Canadians