Ch.5 Hebrews

Ch.5 Hebrews

by Jade Dolan

​Section 1:

Geography Map

​Location

• ​The Israelites lived in Canaan.

  • modern-day Lebanon, Israel, Jordan

Multiple Select

What countries are located in modern-day Canaan?

• Lebanon

• Israel

• Jordan

• Iraq

Records of Their History

• ​The history of the Israelites is recorded in thier holy writings and texts and in (our) Old Testament of the Bible.

• ​The Israelites developed the religion of Judaism and are later called Hebrews and Jews.

Multiple Choice

Where do we get our Old Testament from?

• Cave drawing from France

• Sacred texts of the Hebrews

• From cuniform texts

• Papyrus scrolls from Abraham

​A Major Difference

• ​Unlike other people in the ancient world, Israelites were MONOTHEISTIC

  • Monotheistic: Mono = one Theis = belief BELIEF IN ONE GOD

• ​The Israelites believed in ONE all powerful God called Yahweh = I Am Who Am

Multiple Select

What does Yahweh mean?

• God

• I am Who am

• The Choosen One

• The People of God

​The Israelites

• Israelites trace their roots back to a man named Abraham who lived in Ur in Mesopotamia

• Around 1900 BC, Yahweh commanded Abraham and his family to leave Ur and settle in Canaan

• God made a covenant (promise) with Abraham promising to bless Abraham and his descendants with a great nation if they were faithful to God

• This covenant between God and Abraham becomes and important part of Judaism

• It states that

  • Jews are choosen people of God

  • Canaan is their promise land ​

Multiple Choice

What city-state was Abraham from?

• Ur

• Memphis

• Nubia

• Nanna

Multiple Select

The covenant between God and Abraham states that

• Jews are chosen people of God

• Canaan is their promised land ​

• God will not flood the Earth again

• God offers his people super protection

​Migration to Egypt

• ​After severe drought brought famine to Canaan, the Israelites migrated to Egypt

• ​Israelites lived peacefully amoung the Egyptians until the pharaohs enslaved them

  • ​This pharaoh was most likely Seti I

​Exodus

• ​About 1200BC, an Israelite named Moses led the Israelites out of Egypt in an exodus (departure) into the Sinai Desert

• ​The pharaoh of the time was most likely Ramses II.

Multiple Choice

The story of Moses' birth is told in the book of

• Genesis

• Exodus

• Leviticus

• Numbers

• Detuteronomy

Multiple Choice

Pharaoh

• enslaved the Hebrews

• believed in the same god as Abraham

• was unaffected by the plagues

• agreed right away to let the people go

Multiple Choice

How many plagues were there?

• 1

• 2

• 5

• 10

Multiple Choice

God first revealed the name Yahweh

• in the burning bush

• after the Israelites crossed the Red Sea

• when Moses killed the Egyptian

• when he first called Abraham

​10 Commandments

• ​During the long trek through the desert, God renewed his covenant with the Israelites after they pledged to obey His 10 Commandments.

• ​The 10 Commandments were writen on stone tablets and later stored in the Ark of the Covenant

Multiple Choice

Commandment 1

• You shall not take the name of the LORD your God in vain.

• You shall have no other gods before[a] me.

• You shall not covet.

• You shall not make idols.

Multiple Choice

Commandment 2

• Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy.

• You shall not murder.

• You shall not steal.

• You shall not make idols.

Multiple Choice

Commandment 4

• You shall not covet.

• You shall not murder.

• Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy.

• You shall have no other gods before Me.

Multiple Choice

Commandment 5

• You shall not steal.

• You shall not murder.

• Honor your father and your mother.

• You shall not make idols.

Multiple Choice

Commandment 6

• You shall not covet.

• You shall have no other gods before Me.

• You shall not make idols.

• You shall not murder.

Multiple Choice

Commandment 7

• You shall not commit adultery.

• You shall not covet.

• You shall not murder.

• You shall not steal.

Multiple Choice

Commandment 8

• Honor your father and your mother.

• You shall not make idols.

• You shall not commit adultery.

• You shall not steal.

Multiple Choice

Commandment 9

• You shall not covet.

• You shall not murder.

• Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy.

• You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.

Multiple Choice

Commandment 10

• You shall not murder.

• You shall not covet.

• You shall have no other gods before Me.

• Honor your father and your mother.

​Return to Canaan

• ​During the next forty years, the Israelites wandered in the desert until Moses's successor, Joshua, led them back into Canaan

• ​For the next 200 years, the Israelites fought the Philistines and Canaanites who occupied the land.

• ​The Israelites would need strong kings to drive the Philistines out of Canaan

​12 Tribes of Israel

• ​Abraham's grandson, Jacob (later named Israel), raised 12 sons in Canaan.

• ​It was a patriarchal society which means the men held the power

• ​In a patriarchal society, the oldest male relatives is the head of the household.

• ​Each son led a different family or tribe

• ​These twelve family group or tribe

• ​These 12 family groups became the 12 Tribes of Israel

• ​While the kingdom of Israel was made up of one people, the 12 Tribes often argued and fought amoungst each other.

• ​This lack of unity made it hard for them to maintain control over Canaan

​12 Tribes of Israel

• Reuben

• Simeon

• Levi - Priest

• Judah - Loyal "Let Judah go first"

• Issachar

• Zebulun

• Dan

• Naphtali

• Gad

• Asher

• Joseph

• Benjamin

Multiple Choice

How many sons did Jacob have?

• 42

• 7

• 12

• As numerous as the stars

​King Saul c. 1020-1000 BC

• ​Around 1020 BC, the tribes united under one king, Saul

• ​Saul's power diminished when he could not conquer the Philistines and David became the next king

Multiple Choice

Who couldn't King Saul conquer?

• Philistines

• Babylonians

• Phonecians

• Egyptians

​King David c. 1000 - 961 BC

• ​Established the capital at Jerusalem

• ​Brought economic prosperity to Israel

• ​organized a central government

• ​When David died, his son, Solomon, became king

• ​Enlarged the borders

• ​Defeated Goliath and the Philistines

Multiple Choice

What was the name of the Philistine giant that David had to fight

• Goliath

• Peter

• Sam

Multiple Select

What were the tools that David use to fight Goliath

• A slingshot

• Five smooth stones

• A harp

• A sword

Multiple Choice

David won the fight because of his faith and trust in

• God

• Samuel

• Jesse

• Peter

Multiple Choice

David was a before he was king

• shepherd

• chef

• farmer

​King Solomon c. 961 - 922 BC

• ​Solomon founded new cities and built a lavish temple to God in Jerusalem

• ​He gained a reputation for being wise

• ​His massive building projects required high taxes and forced labor

Multiple Select

King Solomon was most known for . . .

• Wisdom

• Wealth

• Both

Multiple Select

There was a situation between two women that Solomon had to fix, what were the women arguing about?

• Their payments

• Their clothes

• A baby

• A job

​Israel and Judah

• ​After Solomon's death, revolts broke out and the 10 Northern Tribes broke away from the 2 Southern Tribes

• ​The Northern Tribes became Israel

• ​The Southern Tribes became Judah

• ​People of Israel and Judah continued to share the same religion

• ​However, they became to weak to resist invaders

​Israel

• ​In 722 BC, Assyrians conquered Israel and scattered them throughout the Assyrians Empire.

​Judah and Exile

• ​In 586 BC, Chaldeans led by Nebuchadnezzar II defeated Judah and destroyed the temple in Jerusalem

• ​The people of Judah were enslaved and taken to Babylon

• ​The exile was a difficult period for the Judeans (people of Judah)

• ​During this time, prohpets (preachers who interpreted God's will) said the exile was because the Judeans (also called Jews) forgot God and their duties to one another.

Multiple Select

What 2 Mesopotamian empires conquered the Israelites?

• Chaldeans

• Sumerians

• Hittites

• Assyrians

​Return and Diaspora

• ​In 539 BC, the Persians conquered the Chaldeans

• The Persian king, Cyrus II, allowed the Jews to return to Judah and rebuild the temple in Jerusalem

• ​Even after the Jews were allowed to return, some stayed in Babylon and in the surrounding areas

• ​This scattering of the Jewish population is called Diaspora

​Jewish Holy Writing and Law

• ​In the 400s BC, Jewish holy writings were collected and organized into the Torah

• ​The first 5 books of our Old Testament

• ​The Torah holds records of Jewish history and the Mosaic Law (laws Jews are to live by). Laws are written by Moses that included the 10 Commandments.

• It is part of the Tanakh or the Jewish Bible

• The Talmud contains additional Jewish laws and customs​

• ​Rabbi- Jewish religious leader

• ​Synagogue - Jewish Church

• ​Dead Scrolls- original copies of books of the Bible including the new Gospels

• ​Hebrew Beliefs

  • ​4 Basic Beliefs

    • ​Monotheistic

    • ​Education

    • ​Justice and Righteous

    • ​Obedience to the Laws

​Legacy

• ​The Israelites beliefs and teachings exist today in Judaism

• ​Judaism influenced Christianity and Islam

​Important People of the Faith

Person What did they do?

• ​Abraham- God told Abraham to move from Mesopotamia (Ur) to Canaan (Holy Land) Covenant made between Abraham and God - Israelites became God's people and Canaan was their land

• ​Moses- Led Israelites out