Digestion and Nutrition

Digestion and Nutrition

by Coach Wilson

​DIGESTIVE SYSTEM TERMS

​alimentary canal continuous muscular digestive tube that extends from the mouth to the anus

appendix (vermiform appendix) coiled tube attached to the cecum

bile  alkaline solution produced by the liver and important for the emulsification of lipids

Bolus- ball of food we swallow formed by the roof of the mouth and the tongue and is moistened by saliva

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chemical digestion enzymatic breakdown of food

chief cell gastric gland cell that secretes pepsinogen

chyme soupy liquid created when food is mixed with digestive juices

defecation elimination of undigested substances from the body in the form of feces

deglutition three-stage process of swallowing

feces semisolid waste product of digestion

gingiva gum

intrinsic factor glycoprotein required for vitamin B₁₂ absorption in the small intestine

lacteal lymphatic capillary in the villi

mass movement long, slow, peristaltic wave in the large intestine

mastication chewing

​More digestive terms

​mechanical digestion chewing, mixing, and segmentation that prepares food for chemical digestion

oropharynx part of the pharynx continuous with the oral cavity that functions in respiration and digestion

parietal cell gastric gland cell that secretes hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor

peristalsis muscular contractions and relaxations that propel food through the GI tract

pharynx throat

ruga fold of alimentary canal mucosa and submucosa in the empty stomach and other organs

salivary amylase digestive enzyme in saliva that acts on starch

salivary gland an exocrine gland that secretes a digestive fluid called saliva

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Valsalva’s maneuver voluntary contraction of the diaphragm and abdominal wall muscles and closing of the glottis, which increases intra-abdominal pressure and facilitates defecation

villus projection of the mucosa of the small intestine

Multiple Choice

Which nutrient helps build and repair muscles, cells and tissues in the body?

• Carbohydrates
• Protein
• Fats
• Minerals

Multiple Choice

Which nutrient is responsible for building and strengthening bones and teeth in the body, as well as maintaining body functions?

• Carbohydrates
• Water
• Vitamins
• Minerals 

Multiple Choice

Which nutrient helps cool the body down and remove liquid waste?

• Water
• Fats
• Vitamins
• Carbohydrates

Multiple Choice

Which fat is the healthiest fat to consume in your daily diet?

• Unsaturated Fat
• Saturated Fat
• Trans Fat
• Butter

Multiple Choice

Fish, nuts, oils and avocado are healthy sources of....

• Fiber
• Protein
• Minerals
• Fat

Multiple Choice

Sugars are...

• cholesterol
• complex carbohydrates 
• amino acids 
• simple carbohydrates 

Multiple Choice

Fiber is a type of which nutrient? 

• Non Caloric
• Protein 
• Fat
• Carbohydrate 

Multiple Choice

______ carbohydrates provide LONG-LASTING energy.

• Simple
• Complex
• Saturated
• Grain

Multiple Choice

Breads, rice, and cereal are all...

• protein
• carbohydrates
• water
• who knows?

Multiple Choice

Protein is in only found in animal sources.

• False
• True

Multiple Choice

Amino acids are the building blocks of 

• Fats
• Minerals
• Carbohydrates
• Protein

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a nutrient?

• water
• fat
• fiber
• protein

Multiple Choice

You just had a hard work out and your muscles are sore! which nutrient should you be trying to get to repair your muscles?

• carbohydrates
• fat
• water
• protein

Multiple Choice

Which foods contain calcium?

• Dairy

• Grains

• Fruits

• Vegetables

Multiple Choice

Which of the following foods is NOT a carbohydrate?

• rice
• bread
• fruit 
• fish

Multiple Choice

What is the name of the indigestible carbohydrate that helps move waste through the digestive system

• Vitamins

• Minerals

• Water

• Fiber

Multiple Choice

What is the most essential nutrient? It's as important as air!

• Carbohydrates

• Proteins

• Water

• Fats