Missouri Compromise & Nullification Crisis

Missouri Compromise & Nullification Crisis

1820-1832

​Issues start between slave and free states

• ​An argument between slave and free states over representation in Congress will begin in 1818

• ​A new area of the US was applying for statehood and this stat would be Missouri

• ​Missouri desired to be a slave state but currently there was an equal number of slave and free states so there was equal representation in the Senate and neither the North or the South wanted to lose power

​Missouri Compromise

• ​Henry Clay creates a compromise that pacifies slave and free states for the time being

  First- The South and those desiring to settle Missouri will be allowed to be a slave stated

• ​Second- The free states would gain the state of Maine

• ​This will keep representation in the Senate between free and slave states even for the time being

​Henry Clay

• ​Also known as the "Great Compromiser"

• ​Served as both a Senator and Congressman

• ​Worked during the Antebellum Period to try to keep our country from slitting in two

Open Ended

What issues could you see Henry Clay's Missouri Compromise, as you know it now, having in the future?

​Missouri Compromise Line

• ​In order to have lasting peace Henry Clay also created a line known as the 36 30 Parallel

• ​Clay knew that as the US grew this problem would repeat itself so for future reference every new state North of this line would have to outlaw slavery and every new state South of this line would have to allow for slavery

• ​This would hopefully prevent future arguments over this same topic from recurring in the future

Multiple Choice

Who created the Missouri Compromise

• John C Calhoun

• Henry Clay

• Andrew Jackson

• Edward Newgate

Multiple Choice

What was the main reason there was a debate between the Northern and Southern states over Missouri being a slave or free state?

• The North didn't believe slavery was right

• The South disagreed with Northern policy

• Neither side wanted to add new states to the Union

• It would lead to a misbalance of power in the Senate

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements about the Missouri Compromise IS NOT true?

• Added Maine as a Free State

• Was created by the Great Compromiser

• Created the Missouri Compromise line (36 30)

• Added Missouri as a free state

Multiple Choice

According to the Missouri Compromise what kind of state should Washington State be?

• Free

• Slave

Multiple Choice

According to the Missouri Compromise what type of State should Texas be?

• Free

• Slave

​Debates Over Protective Tariffs

• ​By the 1820's debates over protective tariffs, that were supported by the North, had began

• Protective Tariffs: A tariff levied on imports to protect the domestic economy rather than to raise revenue

• The reason for this tax was to help support the growth of Northern Industry, but the South felt like it did not directly support them and instead hurt them economically so they took a hard stance against the proposed tariff

​Nullification

• ​With the debates over the proposed protective tariffs growing more heated discussions of the concept of nullification began again

• ​Nullification: the action of a state impeding or attempting to prevent the operation and enforcement within its territory of a law

• The leading state to debate a possible right of the states to nullify a law was South Carolina and one of South Carolina's leading spokespersons for nullification was Vice President John C. Calhoun

• ​By 1828 the protective tariff had been passed by Congress and South Carolina was ready to oppose the tariff by claiming the law nullified

​South Carolina and Nullification

• ​The tariff of 1828 will be nicknamed the Tariff of Abominations by its opponents

• ​Southern farmers will be extremely upset over this new import tax due to their reliance on foreign trade

• ​South Carolina began protesting and by 1832 modifications to the Tariff of 1828 lead to the South Carolina State Legislature attempting to Nullify

• ​South Carolina, following John C. Calhoun's writings, made the following declaration about the Tariffs of 1828 and 1832, "null, void, and no law, nor binding upon this State, its officers or citizens."

• ​Now the US Government will have to take a stance towards nullification and South Carolina's actions

​Solving the Problem

• ​Andrew Jackson, the current President, was furious over his home states act of rebellion

• ​He sends troops outside of Charleston and was ready to storm the port and force the collection of the tax

• ​However the, Great Compromiser, was able to work in Congress to get the protective tariffs lowered and SC folded

Multiple Choice

What is a protective tariff?

• a tax on imported goods

• A tax on domestic goods

• A tax on exported goods

• A tax on interstate goods

Multiple Choice

What is it called when a State declares that it is not going to follow a federal law?

• Abomination

• Reconciliation

• Nullification

• Recreation

Multiple Choice

Who was the President during the Nullification Crisis?

• John C. Calhoun

• Abraham Lincoln

• Henry Clay

• Andrew Jackson

Multiple Choice

Which state went forward with attempting Nullification of the Tariff of Abominations?

• North Carolina

• South Carolina

• New Jersey

• Virginia

Multiple Choice

Who would a protective tariff help?

• Manufactures in the US

• Small Farmers

• Large Farmers

• Non-Domestic Manufactures