ELA 1st Semester Review

ELA 1st Semester Review

by Nicole Harmon

​Part 1: Nonfiction Review

Main Idea and Key Details

Multiple Choice

Main Idea is _____________________.

• the beginning, middle, and end of a story.

• what the text is mainly about (topic).

Multiple Choice

What are key details?

• Evidence from the text that support the main idea.

• Evidence from the text that oppose the main idea.

Multiple Choice

Sharks can lose up to 30,000 teeth in their lifetime. Sharks have teeth arranged in rows inside their mouths. These teeth do not have roots like human teeth do, so they fall out easily. When a shark takes a powerful bite into its food, several teeth are lost. When these teeth are lost, new ones push forward from the back rows to replace them. Luckily, sharks continually grow new teeth to replace the thousands they lose.
What is the main idea?

• What shark teeth look like
• Sharks lose many teeth over their lifetime.
• Sharks are carnivorous predators. 
• Sharks grow new teeth.

Multiple Choice

The Statue of Liberty is visited by thousands of people every year. The Statue of Liberty is a 151 foot tall statue of a woman holding a book and a torch. It was a gift of friendship from the people of France. It has become the universal symbol for freedom.
Which of the following is NOT a supporting detail? 

• The Statue of Liberty is an amazing statue
• The Statue of Liberty is 151 feet tall
• Thousands of people visit the Statues of Liberty each year
• It was a gift of friendship from France

Nonfiction Text Features

help us to understand the text better.

Captions

explain what a photograph or illustration is about

Glossary

tells the definition of some of the words found in a text.

Multiple Choice

Which nonfiction text feature is pictured here?

• Table of Contents

• Diagram

• Glossary

• Index

Multiple Choice

Which nonfiction text feature is pictured here?

• Table of Contents

• Diagram

• Glossary

• Title Page

Multiple Choice

What type of text of text feature is this? 

• diagram
• caption
• map

Text Structures

Cause and Effect-a cause is why something happened. Effect is what happened. (Sometimes the effect is listed first.) 

Compare and Contrast shows how two or more things are alike and/or how they are different. 

Description-a topic, idea, person, place, or thing is described by listing its features, characteristics, or examples.  

Problem and Solution- Tells about a problem (and sometimes says why there is a problem) then gives one or more possible solutions.

Sequence-Describes items or events in order or tells the steps to follow to do something or make something. 

Multiple Choice

What is the text structure?

• cause and effect

• description

• sequence

• problem and solution

Multiple Choice

What is the text structure?

• cause and effect

• sequence

• description

• problem and solution

Multiple Choice

What type of text structure is this?

• cause and effect

• description

• sequential

• problem and solution

Multiple Choice

What type of text structure is this?

• problem and solution

• cause and effect

• description

• sequential

​Part 2: Fiction Review

Theme

What is theme?

​

• What the author wants you to learn

• Central Message

• Lesson

• Moral​

​Main Idea vs. Theme: Not the same thing!

​Main Idea

​Theme

• ​What is the story about?

• 1-sentence summary​

• ​Stated in text

• ​Usually not stated in text

• ​A big idea about life

• ​Inferred

​Themes are UNIVERSAL

• ​The theme can be applied to different stories

• ​Stories from different cultures, languages, and customs can have the same themes

• ​Themes DO NOT contain names of characters, places, or details of plots

​Theme Topics vs. Themes

• ​Themes are not one-word ideas!

• ​Themes are specific.

​

​THEME TOPICS

• ​Love

• ​Friendship

• ​Honesty

• ​Teamwork

• ​Loyalty

• ​Courage

​THEMES

• ​True friends will stand by you, even in difficult moments.

• ​Treat others the way you want to be treated.

Multiple Choice

What is the theme of this story?  

• Eat your vegetables.
• Don't brag. Be modest. 
• Don't talk to strangers. 
• Necessity is the mother of invention.

Multiple Choice

What is the theme of this story? 

• Necessity is the mother of invention.
• Don't steal.
• Respect your elders.
• Slowly but surely wins the race.

Characterization

Characterization is a writer’s tool, or “literary device” that occurs any time the author uses details to teach us about a person. This is used over the course of a story in order to tell the tale.

Character Traits

• Character traits are adjectives that describe the qualities of a character.

• Character’s traits are different from a character’s feelings.

• Characters’ feelings, or emotions, are a character’s emotional response to things that happen around them.

• Unlike character traits, feelings may come and go quickly.

Multiple Choice

“No, indeed. I don’t know anything. You see, I am stuffed, so I have no brains at all," [the Scarecrow] answered sadly.

“Oh,” said Dorothy, “I'm awfully sorry for you.”

“Do you think,” he asked, “if I go to the Emerald City with you, that Oz would give me some brains?”

“I cannot tell,” she returned, “but you may come with me, if you like. If Oz will not give you any brains you will be no worse off than you are now.”

Which detail from the passage best shows us that Dorothy is sympathetic?

• “‘I cannot tell,’ she returned...”

• “‘Oh,’” said Dorothy, “‘I'm awfully sorry for you.’”

• “‘I don’t know anything. You see, I am stuffed, so I have no brains at all,’ [the Scarecrow] answered sadly.”

• “Do you think,” he asked, “if I go to the Emerald City with you, that Oz would give me some brains?”

Multiple Choice

“We did it! We did it! We did it!” Mei boasted, slapping her hand against the table, scattering toast crumbs, knocking aside teaspoons and almost smearing the butter in her zeal.

“Whoa!” her brother exclaimed, startled. “Well, congratulations!”

Mei stood up and triumphantly strutted around the kitchen, transforming her walk around the breakfast table into a victory parade.

Her brother laughed, surprised and amused. “Who are you, and what have you done with my sister, Mei?” he teased.

Based on the passage, what can you infer about the main character Mei?

• Mei is always outgoing and loud.

• Mei is normally timid.

• Mei is not very athletic.

• Mei is not usually arrogant and energetic.

​Part 3: Grammar Review

Multiple Choice

There is a lot to do to get ready for our trip. First we need to buy tickets. Next we have to pack our suitcases. ________ we need to go to the airport and catch our flight.

• Finally
• Secondly
• Perhaps

Multiple Choice

This transition word indicates that an example is about to come.

• Consequently

• Nonetheless

• In conclusion

• For instance

Multiple Choice

______ I have to go to work today, I took my dog to doggie daycare.

• First

• Since

• Next

Multiple Choice

Lyla almost always brought cookies for a snack at school. _____________ , today she just wasn't in the mood.

• Therefore

• In addition to

• However

• Nevertheless

Pronouns

A pronoun is a word that replaces a noun

​Subjects

​A subject is the person, place, or thing that performs the action.

​

​Dana will teach the students about pronouns.

She will teach the students about pronouns.

​

​

​In both sentences, Dana/She will be doing an action. Dana/She will be teaching.

​Objects

​An object is the person, place, or thing that receives the action.

​

​Ray will go with Jordan to a Los Angeles Lakers game.

​He will go with him to a Los Angeles Lakers game.

​

​Ray/He is preforming the action of going. and Jordan/him is receiving the action because he is being taken.

​

Fill in the Blanks

What is the subject of the following sentence?

The students are going with all of the teachers to the library on Friday.

Multiple Choice

Choose the correct pronouns for the following sentence.

My sister and ____ are going to visit Grandmother.

• me

• her

• I

• them

Multiple Choice

Choose the correct pronouns for the following sentence.

My father sent Debbie and ____ a card in the mail.

• I

• he

• she

• me

Possessive Pronouns:

Shows Ownership

What are Possessive Pronouns

• When a pronoun shows ownership, it is called a possessive pronoun. Possessive nouns use an apostrophe to show ownership (as in the team’s or Juan’s). But possessive pronouns do not use apostrophes.

Multiple Choice

This car is (mine, my)

• my

• mine

Multiple Choice

Look at (her, hers) funny hat.

• her

• hers

Quotation Marks: Important Facts

• The first word of a quotation beings with a capital letter.

• A comma comes in front of each direct quotation.

• One (1) pair of quotation marks are used with each direct quotation.

• Use quotation marks in writings when you are repeating exactly what someone else has said.

• ​End punctuation marks are placed inside the closing quotation mark.

• Use quotation marks before and after the titles of short stories, poems, songs, chapters, and magazine or newspaper articles.

• ​

Multiple Choice

Do that every hour my mother told Mrs. Glengarry, handing her the basin.

• "Do that every hour my mother told Mrs. Glengarry," handing her the basin.

• "Do that every hour" my mother told Mrs. Glengarry, handing her the basin.

• "Do that every hour," my mother told Mrs. Glengarry, handing her the basin.

• Indirect quote.