Unit 4 - Review

Unit 4 - Review

by Daniel Pineda

​Topics we've reviewed this unit:

• ​Should / shouldn't have

• ​Past Perfect

• ​Wishes in Past

• ​3rd Conditional

• ​Defining Relative Clauses

• ​Indirect Questions

​Should / Shouldn't + Have + Verb PP

​Is used to talk about regrets or to give people advice about a situation that already happened.

​

​"You shouldn't have eaten that ham, it was spoiled."

​"I should have talked to my crush when I had the chance."

Had + Verb PP

Generally used to refer to an action or event that happened before a specific time in the past.

​

​It is also commonly used as part of other tenses and clauses.

​

​"I had never seen Weird Al Yankovic in concert before I saw him last summer"

Past Perfect

Wish(es) + Had + Verb PP

When using the verb WISH to talk about the past, you must use the Past Perfect tense to form your sentence.

​

"I wish I had gotten a better grade in my first exam of the semester"

​

​"I wish my GF hadn't left me"

Wishes in Past

[If + Had + Verb PP], [ would / wouldn't + have + Verb PP]

3rd conditional sentences are formed with an if clause with Past Perfect, representing a cause, and a clause with Would(n't) have, representing a consequence.

​

​3rd conditional sentences refer to imaginary scenarios in the past and their consequences in the past.

​

​"If I had saved money, I would have bought a nicer car"

3rd Conditional

[Main Clause] + [Relative Pronoun + Relative Clause]

Defining relative clauses give us essential information – information that tells us who or what we are talking about.

​

​The woman who lives next door works in a bank. 

These are the flights that have been cancelled.

​

​We usually use a relative pronoun or adverb to start a defining relative clause: who, which, that, when, where or whose.

Defining Relative Clauses

Statement / Question + WH or IF + Subject + ...

An indirect question is a question embedded inside a statement or another question.

​

​When the direct question starts with a question word like how, what, when, where, which, who, whose, or why (called interrogative pronouns or interrogative adjectives), the indirect question will start with the question word, but the word order is like a statement not like a question.

​

​Direct: Where is the car?

​Indirect: I don't know where the car is.

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​When the direct question is a yes-no question, the indirect question will start with if or whether.

​

​Direct: Is the car in the garage?

​Indirect: I don't know if the car is in the garage.

Indirect Questions

Multiple Choice

I was sure that I ___________ her before.

• had saw

• seen

• had seen

Multiple Choice

The film ________________ by the time we got to the cinema.

• had start

• had started

• has started

Multiple Choice

When I _______ the new teacher, I was so surprised. I _______ his class before!

• Met, had taken

• Had met, took

• Had taken, met

• Took, had met

Multiple Choice

We ___________ earlier. This party is getting boring.

• should leave

• should have left

• left

Multiple Choice

I feel really unhappy! I wish I ____________this job.

• didn´t accept

• hadn´t accepted

• wouldn´t accept

Multiple Choice

I´m starving. I wish I _________breakfast this morning.

• had eaten

• would eat

• would have eaten

• ate

Multiple Choice

I__________on the school trip last summer- everyone said it was great!

• should have gone

• could have gone

• had gone

Multiple Choice

I wish I ________the piano when I had the chance.

• have taken on

• took on

• had taken on

Multiple Choice

The view was wonderful. If I _____________ a camera with me, I _______________ some pictures.

• had, would take

• 'd had, would take

• 'd had, would have taken

• had, would have taken

Multiple Choice

I wish you ______________ all of my snacks! Now we have to go shopping again!

• didn't eat

• haven't eaten

• hadn't eaten

• have eaten

Multiple Select

The boy _____ is wearing the yellow T-shirt broke my window. (Choose 2)

• who

• which

• that

Multiple Select

I lost the ring ________ my husband gave me. (Choose 2)

• who

• which

• that

Multiple Choice

We visited the house _______ my father grew up.

• who

• which

• where

Multiple Choice

This is the food _______ made me sick.

• who

• which

• where

Multiple Choice

Santa is the man ___ job is bringing us presents

• who

• which

• where

• whose

Multiple Choice

2010 was the year ______ the earthquake hit Christchurch in New Zealand.

• who

• which

• where

• when

Multiple Choice

Is he a student ?

• I would like to know if he is a student ?

• I would like to know if he is a student.

• I would like to know if is he a student ?

Multiple Choice

How did she do it?

• Do you know how she did it ?

• Do you know how did she did it ?

• Do you know how she do it ?