Benchmark Review

Benchmark Review

2022​

By Sierra Wedde

The 4 biomolecules are:

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Unit 1: BioMOLECuLES

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are SUGARS.

Sugars are made of Carbon, Oxygen and Hydrogen, in relatively equal amounts.

Carbohydrates can be simple, if they are made of one sugar type.

They can be complex, if they are made of more than one sugar type.​

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lipids

Lipids are FATS

Fats are made of Carbon, Oxygen and Hydrogen. (Most of the molecule is carbon​ and hydrogen.)

Lipids can be either saturated (more carbons, straight chain)

or unsaturated (less carbons, bent chain.)

Lipids store energy for LONG TERM USE.​

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proteins

Proteins are building blocks for all biological systems.

They are made of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen.​

Proteins have a special segment called the "R-group" wh​ich decides the shape and function of the protein.

Structure is directly related to function!!!​

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​nucleic acids

Nucleic Acids are molecules that store information/instructions to build proteins.

They are made out of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen and Phosphorus. ​

They come in the form of ATP, RNA and DNA. ​

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Enzymes are a type of Protein.

Their function is to catalyze biological reactions, ​They allow reactions to happen in less time and use LESS energy.

examples: Protease, amylase

They do this by LOWERING activation energy: the energy required to start a chemical reaction.

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Enzymes!

Open Ended

What is the difference between simple and complex carbohydrates?

Open Ended

What are some foods you can consume to give your body lipids?

Open Ended

What 4 elements makes proteins?

Open Ended

What is the purpose/function of nucleic acids?

Open Ended

What is the function of carbohydrates? What is the function of Lipids? What is the function of Proteins?

Open Ended

Finish these two sentences. Enzymes increase biological efficiency by lowering ______ ______. Enzymes are a type of _________.