Active Transport 1

Active Transport 1

Notes​

By R Marsh, Ph.D.

Define concentration gradient: 

Difference in concentration from 1 area to another.

Multiple Choice

Which part of the cell controls the movement of substances?

• mitochondria

• cell membrane

• chloroplast

• nucleus

Multiple Choice

What is the definition of  Selective Permeability?

• The movement of materials across the cell membrane that requires NO ENERGY from the cell.
  
• The movement of materials through (or across) the cell membrane
  
• The ability of the cell membrane to allow some things to pass through while preventing other things from passing through.
• The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration (where the molecules are more crowded together) to a area of low concentration (where molecules are more spread apart)
  

Multiple Choice

What is diffusion?

• when molecules move from a low concentration to a high concentration 
• when molecules move from a high concentration to a low concentration.
• no movement 
• molecules move everywhere

Multiple Choice

Osmosis is the movement of _____ across a membrane.

• food
• energy
• oxygen
• water

Multiple Choice

Which way will the water molecules move during osmosis?

• Out of the cell, so the cell shrinks.
• Out of the cell, so the cell swells.
• Into the cell, so the cell shrinks.
• Into the cell, so the cell swells.

Define Active Transport (need to mention the concentration gradient):

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When molecules move from a LOW to a HIGH concentration, they are said to move AGAINST their concentration gradient. 

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ATP (energy) is required.

​Above identify the types of transports:

Multiple Choice

Which one is the definition of active transport?

• movement of particles through the cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration using energy in the form of ATP.

• passage of water molecules from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration through a partially permeable membrane

• net movement of molecule from a region of higher concentration to region of lower concentration. Molecule down a concentration gradient

• net movement of molecule from a region of lower concentration to region of higher concentration. Molecule down a concentration gradient

Multiple Choice

The picture is an example of...

• active tranport
• passive transport
• diffusion
• osmosis

Multiple Choice

What are 3 types of active transport?

• Riding a bike, Running through the mountains, walking on the beach
• Osmosis, Diffusion, Facilitated Diffusion
• Sodium/potassium Pump, Endocytosis, Exocytosis
• Throwing a ball, Playing tennis, driving a car

PROTEIN PUMPS:

​SODIUM POTASSIUM PUMP

Proteins in the cell membrane that require energy in the form of ATP to pump things against their concentration gradient.  

​

The protein changes shape (protein phosphorylation).

ACTIVE TRANSPORT- BULK

​ENDOCYTOSIS (two types)

​

1. PHAGOCYTOSIS: (CELL EATING)

• Large particles, whole cells or solid enter the cell

• Enter as a food VACUOLE

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ACTIVE TRANSPORT- BULK

​ENDOCYTOSIS (two types)

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2. PINOCYTOSIS: (CELL DRINKING)

• BULK TRANSPORT of dissolved solutes or fluids into the cell

• Enter as a Vesicle

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Note both are going into the cell​

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Multiple Choice

Endocytosis is defined as

• the movement of large molecules from the inside of the cell to the outisde of the cell using channel proteins. 
• the movement of large molecules from the inside of the cell to the outisde of the cell membrane vesciles. 
•  the movement of large molecules from the outside of the cell to the inside of the cell using membrane vesciles.
• the movement of large molecules from the outside of the cell to the inside of the cell using channel proteins. 

Multiple Choice

In this image, the cell is using which type of molecular transport?

• Osmosis
• Diffusion 
• Endocytosis
• Exocytosis 

Multiple Select

What is Phagocytosis?

• Eating

• Drinking

• A cell taking in a large object that it will eventually digest

• The act of grabbing some liquid

Multiple Choice

What is the process of drinking?

• Phagocytosis

• Pinocytosis

• Cellular respiration

• Photosynthesis

Multiple Select

What is Pinocytosis?

• Eating

• Drinking

• A cell taking in a large object that it will eventually digest

• The act of grabbing some liquid

ACTIVE TRANSPORT- BULK

​EXOCYTOSIS

​

a process by which the contents of a cell vacuole are released to the exterior through fusion of the vesicle membrane with the cell membrane.

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Multiple Choice

Exocytosis is the movement of

• any type of substance from outside the cell to the inside of the cell. 
• very large substances from outside the cell to the inside of the cell. 
• any type of substance from inside the cell to the outside.
• very large substances from inside the cell to the outside.

Multiple Choice

If something goes "along" its concentration gradient it goes from

• an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
• an area of high concentration to an area of low concetration

Multiple Choice

Moving particles while using a cell's energy

• Osmosis
• Diffusion
• Photosynthesis
• Active Transport

Multiple Choice

This picture represents which type of cellular transport?

• passive transport
• endocytosis
• exocytosis
• osmosis