Biomolecules and Nutrition

Biomolecules and Nutrition

By Karina Garcia

Use yesterday's notes called Biomolecule Table to help you answer the following questions.

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Warm - Up

Multiple Choice

What are the elements that make up carbohydrates?

• CHOPN

• CHO

• CHON

Multiple Choice

What are the elements that make up proteins?

• CHOPN

• CHO

• CHON

Multiple Choice

What are the elements that make up lipids?

• CHOPN

• CHO

• CHON

Multiple Choice

What are the elements that make up nucleic acids?

• CHOPN

• CHO

• CHON

Multiple Choice

What is the monomer of a lipid?

• Monosaccharide

• Amino Acids

• Nucleotides

• Fatty Acids

Multiple Choice

What is the monomer of a carb?

• Monosaccharide

• Amino Acids

• Nucleotides

• Fatty Acids

Multiple Choice

What is the monomer of a nucleic acid?

• Monosaccharide

• Amino Acids

• Nucleotides

• Fatty Acids

Multiple Choice

What is the monomer of a protein?

• Monosaccharide

• Amino Acids

• Nucleotides

• Fatty Acids

Multiple Choice

What is the function of a protein?

• Provide quick energy

• Variety of specific functions (professionals)

• Store genetic information

• Store excess energy

Multiple Choice

What is the function of a lipid?

• Provide quick energy

• Variety of specific functions (professionals)

• Store genetic information

• Store excess energy

Multiple Choice

What is the function of a carbohydrate?

• Provide quick energy

• Variety of specific functions (professionals)

• Store genetic information

• Store excess energy

Multiple Choice

What is the function of a nucleic acid?

• Provide quick energy

• Variety of specific functions (professionals)

• Store genetic information

• Store excess energy

Multiple Choice

Which type of nutrient provides energy?

• Macronutrients

• Micronutrients

Multiple Choice

Which does NOT provide energy?

• Macronutrients

• Micronutrients

Multiple Choice

What do calories measure?

• Height

• Weight

• Amount of energy

• Amount of sugar

Multiple Choice

Which biomolecule provides the MOST energy?

• Carbohydrates

• Proteins

• Fats

Multiple Choice

Function of carbohydrates?

• Store excess energy

• Variety of functions

• Provide quick energy

Multiple Choice

The image shows what type of carbohydrates?

• Simple carbs

• Complex carbs

Multiple Choice

The image shows what type of carbohydrates?

• Simple carbs

• Complex carbs

Multiple Choice

Animals store glucose in the form of

• cellulose
• glycogen
• starch
• chitin

Multiple Choice

Plants store glucose in the form of

• cellulose
• glycogen
• starch
• chitin

Multiple Choice

Different sugars all end in the suffix _____

• ly
• itis
• ose
• ion

Multiple Choice

Which is a function of a carbohydrate?

• Pass on genetic traits.
• Store energy to be used long term.
• Provide quick energy
• Relay messages through the body.

Multiple Choice

Known as "Bad Cholesterol" that clogs arteries and can cause heart disease and stroke.

• LDL

• Trans-fats

• HDL

• Triglycerides

Multiple Choice

Type of "Good Cholesterol" that takes extra cholesterol back to the liver

• Trans-fats

• LDL

• Triglycerides

• HDL

Multiple Choice

What type of cholesterol clogs our arteries?

• LDL

• HDL

• HDH

• LDH

Multiple Choice

Which lipoprotein decreases your chances of heart disease?

• HDL
• LDL
• PDL
• BDL

Multiple Choice

What is the key difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?

• Saturated fats are usually liquid at room temperature; unsaturated fats are usually solid
• Saturated fats stay solid at room temperature; unsaturated fats are usually liquid
• Saturated fats can be found in vegetable oils, unsaturated fats can be found in animal products
• Saturated fats are healthier than unsaturated fats

Multiple Choice

Why is saturated fat found in so many animal products?

• Because it's part of the cell membranes of animal tissues
• Because animals must eat saturated fat to survive
• Because proteins are broken down into saturated fat when animals die
• Because saturated fat is a  key component of animal bones

Multiple Choice

Which of the following items might be high in saturated fat?

• purified water
• whole wheat bread
• ice cream
• broccoli

Multiple Choice

How many different amino acids are there?

• 15
• 20
• 25
• 30

Multiple Choice

The diagram shows the structure of an amino acid. Which type of molecule is formed from amino acids?

• lipids
  
• proteins
  
• carbohydrates
  
• nucleic acids
  

Multiple Choice

What is the main function of protein in the body?

• Is the main source of energy for the body

• Helps to build and repair body tissue

• Provide warmth and cushioning to the body's organs

• Helps to transport vitamins through the body

• All of the above are roles of protein in the body

Multiple Choice

Which biomolecule forms animal tissues such as muscle and hair?

• Nucleic Acid

• Carbohydrate

• Protein

• Lipids

Multiple Choice

Which biomolecule is responsible for insulation and energy storage?

• Protein
• Nucleic Acid
• Lipid
• Carbohydrate

Multiple Choice

Which biomolecule has sugars and starches?

• Lipids
• Proteins
• Carbohydrates
• Nucleic Acid

Multiple Choice

Which biomolecule contains fats, oils, and waxes?

• Proteins
• Nucleic Acid
• Lipids
• Carbohydrate

Multiple Choice

Which biomolecule is a main source of quick energy?

• Nucleic Acid
• Protein
• Lipid
• Carbohydrate

Multiple Choice

What is the function of nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA?

• Stores energy

• Stores genetic information

• Movement

• Physical structure

Multiple Choice

What suffix is used in the names of most carbohydrates?

• -ase
• -nic
• -ose
• -yme

Multiple Choice

How do lipids function for cells?

• store information
• store energy
• breakdown wastes
• join with substrates

Multiple Choice

Monosaccharides are monomers of

• Carbohydrates
• Lipids
• Proteins
• Nucleic Acids

Multiple Choice

The complex carbohydrates pictured below are made by linking molecules of glucose.

In all three complex carbohydrates, the subunits of glucose are bonded together differently. Because they have different structures, they most likely —

• contain different chemical elements

• form different proteins

• carry different nucleotides

• perform different functions

Multiple Choice

An advertisement for a health supplement for dogs claims to build lean muscle and strengthen tendons and ligaments, as well as provide energy. Which two biomolecules must the supplement contain to provide these benefits?

• Carbohydrates and lipids

• Proteins and carbohydrates

• Nucleic acids and carbohydrates

• Lipids and nucleic acids

Multiple Choice

Many land plants store energy in starch. When energy is needed, the starch molecules can be broken down quickly. This chemical reaction produces which of the following?

• amino acids

• lipids

• monosaccharides

• RNA chains

Multiple Choice

Students were given a list of seven elements and are asked to identify the four elements that are most abundant in biomolecules.

Which table correctly identifies the four most abundant elements in biomolecules?