Science - Galaxies, Solar Systems, and Planets Day 6

Galaxies, Solar Systems, and Planets Day 6

​Recognize the major common characteristics of all planets and compare/contrast the properties of inner and outer planets.

Multiple Choice

This object has a very long orbit. The object swings close to the Sun, and then travels far beyond Neptune before its next approach to the Sun. As this object get closer to the Sun, ices melt and form a tail behind the object. This long tail reflects the light of the Sun, and can sometimes be seen from Earth. This object is:

• a moon

• an asteroid

• a comet

• a meteor

Multiple Choice

These objects can be as large as moons. Most are smaller, and irregularly shaped. These objects are made of rock and metal. Many of them orbit the Sun in a region between Mars and Jupiter. These objects are:

• moons

• asteroids

• comet

• meteors

I. The movement of the EARTH

• The Earth rotates on its axis once in a 24 hour day.

• The Earth orbits the Sun.

  • One complete revolution of the Earth around the Sun takes 365 days, or one year.

    ​

​ROTATE

​REVOLVE

Multiple Choice

The Earth ___________ on its axis once every 24 hours

• revolves

• rotates

Multiple Choice

One complete ______________ takes 365 days.

• rotation

• revolution

​II. DAY: the side of the Earth facing the Sun

III. NIGHT: the side of the Earth facing away from the Sun the moon: Earth’s only natural satellite

Multiple Choice

When the Earth is facing the Sun, it is ______________.

• nightime

• daytime

IV. orbit: the path one object takes around another object​

​

​V. revolve: to move in an orbit around another object

​

​VI. revolution: the movement of one object in orbit around another object

​

​VII. axis: the imaginary line through the center of an object on which it spins

VIII.rotate: to spin around and axis​

​IX.rotation: the motion of spinning around an axis

Multiple Choice

When one side of the world is having daytime, the other side is having nighttime.

• Rotation

• Revolution

Multiple Choice

The earth orbits around the sun.

• Rotation

• Revolution

Multiple Choice

The seasons change as the earth orbits around the sun.

• Rotation

• Revolution

Multiple Choice

The sun appears to rise in the east and set in the west.

• Rotation

• Revolution

Multiple Choice

This movement of Earth is completed in a year.

• Rotation

• Revolution

Multiple Choice

This movement of Earth is completed in 24 hours.

• Rotation

• Revolution

X. The movement of the MOON

• ​The moon orbits the Earth.

  • One complete revolution of the moon in its orbit around the Earth takes about 28 days, or one month.

    • At the same time the moon revolves around the Earth, it rotates on its axis once every 28 days. This is why the same side of the moon always faces the Earth.

Multiple Choice

One complete revolution of the moon in its orbit around the Earth takes ______________

• 365 days

• 24 hours

• about 28 days

• 1 day

The Changing Shape of the Moon​

​The moon reflects the light of the Sun. The side of the moon facing the Sun is the day side of the moon. The side of the moon facing away from the Sun is the night side of the moon. The observable shape of the moon changes over 28 days, or close to one month. Sometimes, we see the full moon (the middle picture above). Over the next 14 days, the shape of the moon will change. On the 14th day, the dayside of the moon is completely facing away from the Earth. This is called a new moon. This is the empty space in the middle of the pictures above. Over the next 14 days, the shape of the moon appears to grow again. On about the 28th day, the moon is once again full.

Multiple Choice

When the dayside of the moon is completely facing away from the Earth it is called _________________.

• full moon

• new moon

• last quarter

• first quarter

​The changes in the shape of the moon are caused by the movement of the moon around the Earth. As the moon revolves in its orbit around Earth, one side of the moon always reflects the light of the Sun. However, standing on Earth, we only see part of the moon that is lit by the Sun.

Multiple Choice

What is the name of this phase? 

• 1st quarter 
• Full Moon 
• Waning Gibbous 

Multiple Choice

What is the name of this phase? 

• 3rd quarter 
• New Moon
• waxing crescent